The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China
The diversity of macrofungi has been closely associated with forest diversity and stability. However, such a correlation has not been established for the forests of the Ningxia Autonomous Region due to the lack of systematic data on its macrofungal diversity. Therefore, for the present study, we col...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Xiaojuan Deng Minqi Li Yucheng Dai Xuetai Zhu Xingfu Yan Zhaojun Wei Yuan Yuan |
| author_facet | Xiaojuan Deng Minqi Li Yucheng Dai Xuetai Zhu Xingfu Yan Zhaojun Wei Yuan Yuan |
| author_sort | Xiaojuan Deng |
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| description | The diversity of macrofungi has been closely associated with forest diversity and stability. However, such a correlation has not been established for the forests of the Ningxia Autonomous Region due to the lack of systematic data on its macrofungal diversity. Therefore, for the present study, we collected 3130 macrofungal specimens from the forests of the Helan Mts., Luo Mts., and Liupan Mts. in Ningxia and assessed them using morphological and molecular approaches. We identified 468 species belonging to 157 genera, 72 families, 18 orders, 11 classes, and 2 phyla. Among them, 31 species were ascomycetes, and 437 species were basidiomycetes. Tricholomataceae, with 96 species of 22 genera, was the most species-rich family, and <i>Inocybe</i> was the most species-rich genus (6.2%). The Jaccard similarity index measurement revealed the highest similarity in macrofungal species (16.15%) between the Helan and Liupan Mountains and the lowest (7.72%) between the Luo and Liupan Mountains. Further analyses of the macrofungal population of Ningxia showed that 206 species possess considerable potential for utilization, including 172 edible, 70 medicinal, and 36 edible–medicinal ones. Meanwhile, 54 species were identified as being poisonous. In these forests, saprophytic fungi were the most abundant, with 318 species (67.95%), followed by symbiotic fungi (31.62%) and parasitic fungi (0.04%). Grouping based on the geographical distribution indicated that the fungi of Ningxia are composed mainly of the cosmopolitan and north temperate types. These observations unveil the diversity and community structure of macrofungi in Ningxia forests. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj-art-1bf5296bd6734af2b2f5376b4d7704e82024-12-27T14:21:27ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182024-11-01161272510.3390/d16120725The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western ChinaXiaojuan Deng0Minqi Li1Yucheng Dai2Xuetai Zhu3Xingfu Yan4Zhaojun Wei5Yuan Yuan6College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaCollege of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaCollege of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaThe diversity of macrofungi has been closely associated with forest diversity and stability. However, such a correlation has not been established for the forests of the Ningxia Autonomous Region due to the lack of systematic data on its macrofungal diversity. Therefore, for the present study, we collected 3130 macrofungal specimens from the forests of the Helan Mts., Luo Mts., and Liupan Mts. in Ningxia and assessed them using morphological and molecular approaches. We identified 468 species belonging to 157 genera, 72 families, 18 orders, 11 classes, and 2 phyla. Among them, 31 species were ascomycetes, and 437 species were basidiomycetes. Tricholomataceae, with 96 species of 22 genera, was the most species-rich family, and <i>Inocybe</i> was the most species-rich genus (6.2%). The Jaccard similarity index measurement revealed the highest similarity in macrofungal species (16.15%) between the Helan and Liupan Mountains and the lowest (7.72%) between the Luo and Liupan Mountains. Further analyses of the macrofungal population of Ningxia showed that 206 species possess considerable potential for utilization, including 172 edible, 70 medicinal, and 36 edible–medicinal ones. Meanwhile, 54 species were identified as being poisonous. In these forests, saprophytic fungi were the most abundant, with 318 species (67.95%), followed by symbiotic fungi (31.62%) and parasitic fungi (0.04%). Grouping based on the geographical distribution indicated that the fungi of Ningxia are composed mainly of the cosmopolitan and north temperate types. These observations unveil the diversity and community structure of macrofungi in Ningxia forests.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/12/725diversityforestsfungamacrofungiNingxia Autonomous Region |
| spellingShingle | Xiaojuan Deng Minqi Li Yucheng Dai Xuetai Zhu Xingfu Yan Zhaojun Wei Yuan Yuan The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China Diversity diversity forests funga macrofungi Ningxia Autonomous Region |
| title | The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China |
| title_full | The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China |
| title_fullStr | The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China |
| title_short | The Diversity of Macrofungi in the Forests of Ningxia, Western China |
| title_sort | diversity of macrofungi in the forests of ningxia western china |
| topic | diversity forests funga macrofungi Ningxia Autonomous Region |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/12/725 |
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