A community-based study on quality of diet impacting cardio-metabolic risk; hierarchical prediction and cluster analysis from a diet survey among adults
Background: Food is the basic human need and healthy diet is the foundation for good health. However unhealthy dietary practices are one of the leading risks for non-communicable diseases (NCD), a major health challenge worldwide. This study aimed to assess the diet quality (DQ) concerning the cardi...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_578_24 |
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| Summary: | Background:
Food is the basic human need and healthy diet is the foundation for good health. However unhealthy dietary practices are one of the leading risks for non-communicable diseases (NCD), a major health challenge worldwide. This study aimed to assess the diet quality (DQ) concerning the cardio-metabolic risk status among adult individuals in the community.
Methodology:
A community-based cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence of NCD risk factors and diet quality was conducted over two months among individuals aged 30 years and above without a history of diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and diet quality was assessed using a validated tool Short-Healthy-Eating-Index (sHEI). Statistical analysis such as descriptive statistics and odds ratio were computed at a 5% significance level. Cluster analysis was done by Scree plot and K-means clustering technique.
Results:
The study included 378 eligible survey respondents, of whom about 87% exhibited at least one cardio-metabolic risk manifestation. Good DQ significantly reduced the odds of being overweight (P = 0.038) and obesity (P = < 0.001), whereas high intake of vegetables 10 times significantly reduced the odds of high central adiposity (P = < 0.001). Good whole grains intake and limiting dietary sodium significantly reduced the odds of hypertension. The cluster analysis revealed that those clusters with low DQ scores displayed a higher risk of obesity, central adiposity and elevated blood pressure.
Conclusion:
The current study highlighted the strong impact of diet on cardiovascular and metabolic risk indicating the urgent need to promote healthy diet at the community level. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-4863 2278-7135 |