Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study
Abstract Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Various risk factors contribute to this condition. This study aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women re...
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07340-6 |
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| author | Neda Yaghobieh Mohammad Javad Tarrahi Reza Amani |
| author_facet | Neda Yaghobieh Mohammad Javad Tarrahi Reza Amani |
| author_sort | Neda Yaghobieh |
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| description | Abstract Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Various risk factors contribute to this condition. This study aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women referred to health centers. Method In this study, a prospective cohort design was employed. A total of 600 pregnant mothers covered by the Isfahan Health Network were randomly included in the study. Demographic questionnaires, DASS-21, HFIAS, and IPAQ were administered through interviews. Blood pressure data after the 20th week of pregnancy, were collected. Mothers were considered hypertensive patients whose blood pressure was above 140 (systolic) or above 90 (diastolic) or both, for the first time after the 20th week of pregnancy after two measurements. Data analysis was performed using chi-square, independent t, and binary logistic regression tests. Result The incidence of PIH was estimated to be 5.2%. The mean age of pregnant mothers was 30.24 ± 5.84 years, and 43% had university education. Food insecurity showed a significant association with PIH, even after controlling for confounding variables (P < 0.05). Additionally, an increase in pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with increased risk of PIH (ORA = 1.16, CI95%: 1.07–1.25). Larger household size increased the likelihood of hypertension by 51%, while having more than two pregnancies reduced the risk by 30%. Conclusion The Incidence of high blood pressure during pregnancy and its association with food insecurity and pre-pregnancy BMI emphasizes the need for interventions to improve food security in pregnant women and control pre-pregnancy BMI, ultimately preventing pregnancy related complications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1bdbd22aed384def99a74574847f72ca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj-art-1bdbd22aed384def99a74574847f72ca2025-08-20T03:39:58ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932025-03-012511910.1186/s12884-025-07340-6Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort studyNeda Yaghobieh0Mohammad Javad Tarrahi1Reza Amani2Student Research Committee and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Associate Professor of Epidemiology Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Professor of Nutritional, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Various risk factors contribute to this condition. This study aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women referred to health centers. Method In this study, a prospective cohort design was employed. A total of 600 pregnant mothers covered by the Isfahan Health Network were randomly included in the study. Demographic questionnaires, DASS-21, HFIAS, and IPAQ were administered through interviews. Blood pressure data after the 20th week of pregnancy, were collected. Mothers were considered hypertensive patients whose blood pressure was above 140 (systolic) or above 90 (diastolic) or both, for the first time after the 20th week of pregnancy after two measurements. Data analysis was performed using chi-square, independent t, and binary logistic regression tests. Result The incidence of PIH was estimated to be 5.2%. The mean age of pregnant mothers was 30.24 ± 5.84 years, and 43% had university education. Food insecurity showed a significant association with PIH, even after controlling for confounding variables (P < 0.05). Additionally, an increase in pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with increased risk of PIH (ORA = 1.16, CI95%: 1.07–1.25). Larger household size increased the likelihood of hypertension by 51%, while having more than two pregnancies reduced the risk by 30%. Conclusion The Incidence of high blood pressure during pregnancy and its association with food insecurity and pre-pregnancy BMI emphasizes the need for interventions to improve food security in pregnant women and control pre-pregnancy BMI, ultimately preventing pregnancy related complications.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07340-6Food insecurityPregnancy-induced hypertensionPregnant womenIsfahan |
| spellingShingle | Neda Yaghobieh Mohammad Javad Tarrahi Reza Amani Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Food insecurity Pregnancy-induced hypertension Pregnant women Isfahan |
| title | Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study |
| title_full | Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study |
| title_short | Relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective cohort study |
| title_sort | relationship between food insecurity and the risk of pregnancy induced hypertension a prospective cohort study |
| topic | Food insecurity Pregnancy-induced hypertension Pregnant women Isfahan |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07340-6 |
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