Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics
Background: Papillary muscles are structures integrated into the mitral valve apparatus, having both electrical and mechanical roles. The importance of the papillary muscles (PM) is mainly related to cardiac arrhythmias and mitral regurgitation. The aim of this review is to offer an overview of the...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
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| author | Csilla Andrea Eötvös Teodora Avram Roxana Daiana Lazar Iulia Georgiana Zehan Madalina Patricia Moldovan Patricia Schiop-Tentea Giorgia Coseriu Adriana Sarb Gabriel Gusetu Elena Buzdugan Roxana Chiorescu Diana Mocan-Hognogi Sorin Pop E. Kevin Heist Dan Blendea |
| author_facet | Csilla Andrea Eötvös Teodora Avram Roxana Daiana Lazar Iulia Georgiana Zehan Madalina Patricia Moldovan Patricia Schiop-Tentea Giorgia Coseriu Adriana Sarb Gabriel Gusetu Elena Buzdugan Roxana Chiorescu Diana Mocan-Hognogi Sorin Pop E. Kevin Heist Dan Blendea |
| author_sort | Csilla Andrea Eötvös |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Papillary muscles are structures integrated into the mitral valve apparatus, having both electrical and mechanical roles. The importance of the papillary muscles (PM) is mainly related to cardiac arrhythmias and mitral regurgitation. The aim of this review is to offer an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the papillary muscles, along with their involvement in cardiovascular pathologies, including arrhythmia development in various conditions and their contribution to secondary mitral regurgitation. Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed using the following relevant keywords: papillary muscles, mitral valve, arrhythmia, anatomy, and physiology. Results: During the cardiac cycle, papillary muscles have continuous dimensional and pressure changes. On one hand, their synchrony or dyssynchrony impacts the process of mitral valve opening and closure, and on the other hand, the pressure changes can trigger electrical instability. There is increased awareness of papillary muscles as an arrhythmic source. Arrhythmias arising from PM were found in patients with or without structural heart disease, via Purkinje fibres, due to increased automaticity or triggered activity. Conclusions: Despite the interest in mitral valve physiology, there are still many unknowns in relation to the papillary muscles, especially with regard to their role in arrhythmogenesis and the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1bac598354f5479c9f84a22ac221715e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-1bac598354f5479c9f84a22ac221715e2025-01-24T13:35:59ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252024-12-011211410.3390/jcdd12010014Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical DynamicsCsilla Andrea Eötvös0Teodora Avram1Roxana Daiana Lazar2Iulia Georgiana Zehan3Madalina Patricia Moldovan4Patricia Schiop-Tentea5Giorgia Coseriu6Adriana Sarb7Gabriel Gusetu8Elena Buzdugan9Roxana Chiorescu10Diana Mocan-Hognogi11Sorin Pop12E. Kevin Heist13Dan Blendea14Niculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaRehabilitation Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400066 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaMunicipal Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaEmergency Clinical County Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaEmergency Clinical County Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaEmergency Clinical County Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDemoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USANiculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaBackground: Papillary muscles are structures integrated into the mitral valve apparatus, having both electrical and mechanical roles. The importance of the papillary muscles (PM) is mainly related to cardiac arrhythmias and mitral regurgitation. The aim of this review is to offer an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the papillary muscles, along with their involvement in cardiovascular pathologies, including arrhythmia development in various conditions and their contribution to secondary mitral regurgitation. Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed using the following relevant keywords: papillary muscles, mitral valve, arrhythmia, anatomy, and physiology. Results: During the cardiac cycle, papillary muscles have continuous dimensional and pressure changes. On one hand, their synchrony or dyssynchrony impacts the process of mitral valve opening and closure, and on the other hand, the pressure changes can trigger electrical instability. There is increased awareness of papillary muscles as an arrhythmic source. Arrhythmias arising from PM were found in patients with or without structural heart disease, via Purkinje fibres, due to increased automaticity or triggered activity. Conclusions: Despite the interest in mitral valve physiology, there are still many unknowns in relation to the papillary muscles, especially with regard to their role in arrhythmogenesis and the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/12/1/14papillary musclesarrhythmiamitral valvedyssynchronymitral regurgitation |
| spellingShingle | Csilla Andrea Eötvös Teodora Avram Roxana Daiana Lazar Iulia Georgiana Zehan Madalina Patricia Moldovan Patricia Schiop-Tentea Giorgia Coseriu Adriana Sarb Gabriel Gusetu Elena Buzdugan Roxana Chiorescu Diana Mocan-Hognogi Sorin Pop E. Kevin Heist Dan Blendea Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease papillary muscles arrhythmia mitral valve dyssynchrony mitral regurgitation |
| title | Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics |
| title_full | Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics |
| title_fullStr | Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics |
| title_short | Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle: Integrating Electrical and Mechanical Dynamics |
| title_sort | papillary muscles of the left ventricle integrating electrical and mechanical dynamics |
| topic | papillary muscles arrhythmia mitral valve dyssynchrony mitral regurgitation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/12/1/14 |
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