Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions

Abstract The present study investigates wear and friction characteristics of Al-Si7Mg aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) in as-cast and heat-treated conditions, with a focus upon the influence of lubrication. The composites were developed by an ex-situ technique...

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Main Authors: Vishal Mehta, Anand Joshi, Prathamesh Potdar, Mayur Sutaria
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-07-01
Series:Discover Materials
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00339-y
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author Vishal Mehta
Anand Joshi
Prathamesh Potdar
Mayur Sutaria
author_facet Vishal Mehta
Anand Joshi
Prathamesh Potdar
Mayur Sutaria
author_sort Vishal Mehta
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The present study investigates wear and friction characteristics of Al-Si7Mg aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) in as-cast and heat-treated conditions, with a focus upon the influence of lubrication. The composites were developed by an ex-situ technique using a stir casting process. Tribological performance was evaluated using a pin-on-disk tribotester, varying the flow rate of lubricant, applied load, and sliding distance. To identify the significance of variables on wear and COF, ANOVA analysis was carried out. The findings showed that heat-treated composites outperformed as-cast samples with regard to wear resistance and COF, which was attributed to better interfacial bonding between the SiC particles and the Al-Si7Mg matrix. The predominant wear mechanisms were further validated by SEM-Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis of worn-out faces, which showed that heat-treated samples showed mild delamination and as-cast samples showed severe abrasive wear. Lubrication played an important role in decreasing wear by minimizing metal-to-metal contact and enhancing surface morphology. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis recognized the primary phases, including aluminum (Al), silicon carbide (SiC), and a minor formation of aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) in the composites. The findings highlight the potential of Al-Si7Mg/SiC AMC as favorable materials for applications in automotive, where reduced wear and lower COF are critical, such as in engine components, brake systems, and transmission parts. The tribological performance of Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites was demonstrated to be greatly improved by the combination of heat treatment and lubrication, offering a comprehensive understanding of their behavior in real-world applications.
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spelling doaj-art-1b358cc39d3c455eabc9393cc4f2e3682025-08-20T03:46:16ZengSpringerDiscover Materials2730-77272025-07-015111810.1007/s43939-025-00339-yEvaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditionsVishal Mehta0Anand Joshi1Prathamesh Potdar2Mayur Sutaria3Automobile Engineering Department, Parul Institute of Technology, Parul UniversityMechatronics Engineering Department, Parul Institute of Technology, Parul UniversityAutomobile Engineering Department, Parul Institute of Technology, Parul UniversityMechanical Engineering Department, Chandubhai S Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science and TechnologyAbstract The present study investigates wear and friction characteristics of Al-Si7Mg aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) in as-cast and heat-treated conditions, with a focus upon the influence of lubrication. The composites were developed by an ex-situ technique using a stir casting process. Tribological performance was evaluated using a pin-on-disk tribotester, varying the flow rate of lubricant, applied load, and sliding distance. To identify the significance of variables on wear and COF, ANOVA analysis was carried out. The findings showed that heat-treated composites outperformed as-cast samples with regard to wear resistance and COF, which was attributed to better interfacial bonding between the SiC particles and the Al-Si7Mg matrix. The predominant wear mechanisms were further validated by SEM-Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis of worn-out faces, which showed that heat-treated samples showed mild delamination and as-cast samples showed severe abrasive wear. Lubrication played an important role in decreasing wear by minimizing metal-to-metal contact and enhancing surface morphology. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis recognized the primary phases, including aluminum (Al), silicon carbide (SiC), and a minor formation of aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) in the composites. The findings highlight the potential of Al-Si7Mg/SiC AMC as favorable materials for applications in automotive, where reduced wear and lower COF are critical, such as in engine components, brake systems, and transmission parts. The tribological performance of Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites was demonstrated to be greatly improved by the combination of heat treatment and lubrication, offering a comprehensive understanding of their behavior in real-world applications.https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00339-yAluminum matrix composites (AMCs)As-Cast and Heat-TreatedWear and coefficient of friction (COF)Lubrication
spellingShingle Vishal Mehta
Anand Joshi
Prathamesh Potdar
Mayur Sutaria
Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions
Discover Materials
Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs)
As-Cast and Heat-Treated
Wear and coefficient of friction (COF)
Lubrication
title Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions
title_full Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions
title_fullStr Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions
title_short Evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat-treated and as-cast ex-situ Al-Si7Mg/SiC composites under lubricated conditions
title_sort evaluating the wear and friction characteristics of heat treated and as cast ex situ al si7mg sic composites under lubricated conditions
topic Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs)
As-Cast and Heat-Treated
Wear and coefficient of friction (COF)
Lubrication
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00339-y
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