Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort
<b>Background</b>: Poor oral health and periodontitis have been epidemiologically linked to cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. However, specific metrics directly linking these clinical signs are exceedingly limited. <b>Methods</b>: To addre...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Catalina Arévalo-Caro Diego López Jose Antonio Sánchez Milán Cristina Lorca María Mulet Humberto Arboleda Sergio Losada Amaya Aida Serra Xavier Gallart-Palau |
| author_facet | Catalina Arévalo-Caro Diego López Jose Antonio Sánchez Milán Cristina Lorca María Mulet Humberto Arboleda Sergio Losada Amaya Aida Serra Xavier Gallart-Palau |
| author_sort | Catalina Arévalo-Caro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background</b>: Poor oral health and periodontitis have been epidemiologically linked to cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. However, specific metrics directly linking these clinical signs are exceedingly limited. <b>Methods</b>: To address this gap and develop novel tools to help clinicians identify individuals at risk of cognitive decline, we established the PerioMind Colombia Cohort, comprising elderly Colombian subjects who underwent comprehensive neurocognitive and periodontal evaluations. <b>Results</b>: The results revealed that subjects diagnosed with MCI exhibited significantly higher scores in specific periodontal indices, including gingival erythema and pocket depth parameters. The predictive model identified positive associations with MCI, with gingival erythema showing the strongest correlation, followed by the presence of periodontitis and variations in pocket depth measurements. Additionally, lower educational attainment was associated with a higher likelihood of being classified in the periodontitis-MCI group. <b>Conclusions</b>: Here, we show that specific altered periodontal metrics are associated with MCI diagnosis, and the generated results provide defined metric ranges for identifying individuals at risk. Upon validation in larger cohorts, the findings reported here could offer dental practitioners and clinicians innovative tools to identify individuals at risk of MCI and age-related dementias through routine oral health assessments, thereby enabling more accessible and highly sought-after early intervention strategies in both developing and developed countries. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1b2bca57f7454803a3219830aec5c188 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-1b2bca57f7454803a3219830aec5c1882025-01-24T13:24:23ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-01-0113120510.3390/biomedicines13010205Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia CohortCatalina Arévalo-Caro0Diego López1Jose Antonio Sánchez Milán2Cristina Lorca3María Mulet4Humberto Arboleda5Sergio Losada Amaya6Aida Serra7Xavier Gallart-Palau8+Pec Proteomics Research Group (+PPRG), Neuroscience Area, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), 25198 Lleida, SpainGrupo de Investigación en Periodoncia y Medicina Periodontal, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Edificio 210, Bogotá 11001, Colombia+Pec Proteomics Research Group (+PPRG), Neuroscience Area, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), 25198 Lleida, Spain+Pec Proteomics Research Group (+PPRG), Neuroscience Area, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), 25198 Lleida, Spain+Pec Proteomics Research Group (+PPRG), Neuroscience Area, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), 25198 Lleida, SpainNeuroscience and Cell Death Research Groups, Medical School and Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, ColombiaGrupo de Investigación en Periodoncia y Medicina Periodontal, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Edificio 210, Bogotá 11001, Colombia+Pec Proteomics Research Group (+PPRG), Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain+Pec Proteomics Research Group (+PPRG), Neuroscience Area, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), 25198 Lleida, Spain<b>Background</b>: Poor oral health and periodontitis have been epidemiologically linked to cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. However, specific metrics directly linking these clinical signs are exceedingly limited. <b>Methods</b>: To address this gap and develop novel tools to help clinicians identify individuals at risk of cognitive decline, we established the PerioMind Colombia Cohort, comprising elderly Colombian subjects who underwent comprehensive neurocognitive and periodontal evaluations. <b>Results</b>: The results revealed that subjects diagnosed with MCI exhibited significantly higher scores in specific periodontal indices, including gingival erythema and pocket depth parameters. The predictive model identified positive associations with MCI, with gingival erythema showing the strongest correlation, followed by the presence of periodontitis and variations in pocket depth measurements. Additionally, lower educational attainment was associated with a higher likelihood of being classified in the periodontitis-MCI group. <b>Conclusions</b>: Here, we show that specific altered periodontal metrics are associated with MCI diagnosis, and the generated results provide defined metric ranges for identifying individuals at risk. Upon validation in larger cohorts, the findings reported here could offer dental practitioners and clinicians innovative tools to identify individuals at risk of MCI and age-related dementias through routine oral health assessments, thereby enabling more accessible and highly sought-after early intervention strategies in both developing and developed countries.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/205dentistryperiodontitiscognitive declinemild cognitive impairmentoral healthprodromal Alzheimer’s disease |
| spellingShingle | Catalina Arévalo-Caro Diego López Jose Antonio Sánchez Milán Cristina Lorca María Mulet Humberto Arboleda Sergio Losada Amaya Aida Serra Xavier Gallart-Palau Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort Biomedicines dentistry periodontitis cognitive decline mild cognitive impairment oral health prodromal Alzheimer’s disease |
| title | Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort |
| title_full | Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort |
| title_fullStr | Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort |
| title_short | Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort |
| title_sort | periodontal indices as predictors of cognitive decline insights from the periomind colombia cohort |
| topic | dentistry periodontitis cognitive decline mild cognitive impairment oral health prodromal Alzheimer’s disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/205 |
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