A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs
<b>Background:</b> Although antibiotic resistance is a well-known issue in veterinary medicine, studies proposing real-time therapeutic monitoring (TDM) are lacking. The objective of the present study was to develop a simple and rapid protocol for the real-time therapeutic monitoring of...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/4/390 |
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| author | Anisa Bardhi Aliai Lanci Aurora Mannini Carolina Castagnetti Andrea Barbarossa |
| author_facet | Anisa Bardhi Aliai Lanci Aurora Mannini Carolina Castagnetti Andrea Barbarossa |
| author_sort | Anisa Bardhi |
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| description | <b>Background:</b> Although antibiotic resistance is a well-known issue in veterinary medicine, studies proposing real-time therapeutic monitoring (TDM) are lacking. The objective of the present study was to develop a simple and rapid protocol for the real-time therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics in horses and dogs. <b>Methods:</b> A reliable TDM protocol should encompass guidelines for the definition of plasma/serum collection time points, sample management by the clinical staff, transportation to the laboratory, and the availability of robust and swift analytical technologies. Ampicillin and sulbactam were quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the plasma or serum of animals treated with ampicillin alone or combined with sulbactam. <b>Results:</b> The method was successfully applied to samples collected from animals hospitalized in our veterinary hospital and proved helpful in understanding the pharmacokinetics of this antibiotic in critically ill patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> Combined with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data, this approach enables PK/PD evaluations to support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies and optimized dosing regimens for animals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1b11126e6f9e42e2a802fa2d4165517c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-1b11126e6f9e42e2a802fa2d4165517c2025-08-20T02:17:25ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-04-0114439010.3390/antibiotics14040390A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and DogsAnisa Bardhi0Aliai Lanci1Aurora Mannini2Carolina Castagnetti3Andrea Barbarossa4Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy<b>Background:</b> Although antibiotic resistance is a well-known issue in veterinary medicine, studies proposing real-time therapeutic monitoring (TDM) are lacking. The objective of the present study was to develop a simple and rapid protocol for the real-time therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics in horses and dogs. <b>Methods:</b> A reliable TDM protocol should encompass guidelines for the definition of plasma/serum collection time points, sample management by the clinical staff, transportation to the laboratory, and the availability of robust and swift analytical technologies. Ampicillin and sulbactam were quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the plasma or serum of animals treated with ampicillin alone or combined with sulbactam. <b>Results:</b> The method was successfully applied to samples collected from animals hospitalized in our veterinary hospital and proved helpful in understanding the pharmacokinetics of this antibiotic in critically ill patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> Combined with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data, this approach enables PK/PD evaluations to support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies and optimized dosing regimens for animals.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/4/390therapeutic dosagebeta-lactamsampicillinsulbactamanimalsliquid chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Anisa Bardhi Aliai Lanci Aurora Mannini Carolina Castagnetti Andrea Barbarossa A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs Antibiotics therapeutic dosage beta-lactams ampicillin sulbactam animals liquid chromatography |
| title | A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs |
| title_full | A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs |
| title_fullStr | A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs |
| title_short | A Laboratory Protocol for Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams Antimicrobials in Horses and Dogs |
| title_sort | laboratory protocol for routine therapeutic drug monitoring of beta lactams antimicrobials in horses and dogs |
| topic | therapeutic dosage beta-lactams ampicillin sulbactam animals liquid chromatography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/4/390 |
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