Integrative Review of Molecular, Metabolic, and Environmental Factors in Spina Bifida and Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Insights into Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutics

Integrative Review of Molecular, Metabolic, and Environmental Factors in Spina Bifida and Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Insights into Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutics

Spina Bifida (SB) and Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) are complex congenital anomalies that pose significant challenges in pediatric healthcare. This review synthesizes recent advancements in understanding the genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors contributing to these conditions, with...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Angelika Buczyńska, Iwona Sidorkiewicz, Przemysław Kosiński, Adam Jacek Krętowski, Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
Spinal Bifida
Diaphragmatic Hernia
genetic pattern
metabolic markers
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1059
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