Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis

Abstract Riboflavin, vitamin B2, is an essential micronutrient involved in energy metabolism and cellular function, making its monitoring crucial for clinical diagnostics, food quality control, and nutritional research. In this study, a parafilm-based micro-array was fabricated and utilized for colo...

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Main Authors: Farnaz Bahavarnia, Milad Baghal Behyar, Azadeh Nilghaz, Mohammad Hasanzadeh, Nasrin Shadjou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05743-1
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author Farnaz Bahavarnia
Milad Baghal Behyar
Azadeh Nilghaz
Mohammad Hasanzadeh
Nasrin Shadjou
author_facet Farnaz Bahavarnia
Milad Baghal Behyar
Azadeh Nilghaz
Mohammad Hasanzadeh
Nasrin Shadjou
author_sort Farnaz Bahavarnia
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Riboflavin, vitamin B2, is an essential micronutrient involved in energy metabolism and cellular function, making its monitoring crucial for clinical diagnostics, food quality control, and nutritional research. In this study, a parafilm-based micro-array was fabricated and utilized for colorimetric detection of riboflavin using triangular silver nanoparticles (TA-AgNPs) as an optical probe. The interaction between riboflavin and silver nanoparticles induced changes in the NPs’ localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), resulting in a visible color change. This phenomenon was systematically studied by varying riboflavin concentrations and observing the corresponding optical response using UV–Vis spectroscopy. Riboflavin was detected in human plasma samples using CMYK colorimetric integrated digital image analysis by smartphones with a linear detection range of 0.1 to 100 mM and low limit of quantification of 0.1 mM in the standard solution of analyte. Using the unique plasmonic properties of TA-AgNPs and the construction simplicity of parafilm-based micro-array system, we aimed to provide a cost-effective, portable, and efficient method for riboflavin detection. The proposed platform has the potential to develop point-of-care diagnostics and on-site testing by offering a robust alternative to traditional laboratory-based analytical techniques and well plates.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-1aea177b8e2d41d391e3fa126e9e06722025-08-20T03:45:56ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-05743-1Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysisFarnaz Bahavarnia0Milad Baghal Behyar1Azadeh Nilghaz2Mohammad Hasanzadeh3Nasrin Shadjou4Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesAsian Nano Ink Science Based Company, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDrug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityPharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Chemistry, Urmia UniversityAbstract Riboflavin, vitamin B2, is an essential micronutrient involved in energy metabolism and cellular function, making its monitoring crucial for clinical diagnostics, food quality control, and nutritional research. In this study, a parafilm-based micro-array was fabricated and utilized for colorimetric detection of riboflavin using triangular silver nanoparticles (TA-AgNPs) as an optical probe. The interaction between riboflavin and silver nanoparticles induced changes in the NPs’ localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), resulting in a visible color change. This phenomenon was systematically studied by varying riboflavin concentrations and observing the corresponding optical response using UV–Vis spectroscopy. Riboflavin was detected in human plasma samples using CMYK colorimetric integrated digital image analysis by smartphones with a linear detection range of 0.1 to 100 mM and low limit of quantification of 0.1 mM in the standard solution of analyte. Using the unique plasmonic properties of TA-AgNPs and the construction simplicity of parafilm-based micro-array system, we aimed to provide a cost-effective, portable, and efficient method for riboflavin detection. The proposed platform has the potential to develop point-of-care diagnostics and on-site testing by offering a robust alternative to traditional laboratory-based analytical techniques and well plates.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05743-1RiboflavinColorimetric chemosensorBiomedical analysisOptical monitoringMicro-fabrication
spellingShingle Farnaz Bahavarnia
Milad Baghal Behyar
Azadeh Nilghaz
Mohammad Hasanzadeh
Nasrin Shadjou
Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis
Scientific Reports
Riboflavin
Colorimetric chemosensor
Biomedical analysis
Optical monitoring
Micro-fabrication
title Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis
title_full Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis
title_fullStr Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis
title_full_unstemmed Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis
title_short Colorimetric chemosensing of Riboflavin using polymeric micro-array reinforced by silver nanoparticle: State-of-the-art on one-drop biomedical analysis
title_sort colorimetric chemosensing of riboflavin using polymeric micro array reinforced by silver nanoparticle state of the art on one drop biomedical analysis
topic Riboflavin
Colorimetric chemosensor
Biomedical analysis
Optical monitoring
Micro-fabrication
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05743-1
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