The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions

With the development and improvement of the scale, intensification, and production level of the goose farming industry, oxidative stress often occurs during the process of producing meat geese. This study employed the intraperitoneal injection method with a concentration of 2.96 mmol/mL H2O2 to esta...

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Main Authors: Qing Qu, Yihong Sun, Yayan Liang, Yongsheng Nie, Ming Gao, Yaohui Yuan, Wei Wang, Shuo Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1558440/full
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author Qing Qu
Qing Qu
Qing Qu
Yihong Sun
Yihong Sun
Yihong Sun
Yayan Liang
Yayan Liang
Yayan Liang
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Ming Gao
Ming Gao
Ming Gao
Yaohui Yuan
Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Shuo Zhou
Shuo Zhou
Shuo Zhou
author_facet Qing Qu
Qing Qu
Qing Qu
Yihong Sun
Yihong Sun
Yihong Sun
Yayan Liang
Yayan Liang
Yayan Liang
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Ming Gao
Ming Gao
Ming Gao
Yaohui Yuan
Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Shuo Zhou
Shuo Zhou
Shuo Zhou
author_sort Qing Qu
collection DOAJ
description With the development and improvement of the scale, intensification, and production level of the goose farming industry, oxidative stress often occurs during the process of producing meat geese. This study employed the intraperitoneal injection method with a concentration of 2.96 mmol/mL H2O2 to establish a model of oxidative stress in goslings. The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (AEF) extract on the immune function, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal barrier integrity of goslings were investigated. Twenty-four 1-month-old Magang geese from the same batch were randomly divided into four groups: control group (C group), AEF treatment group (AEF group), H2O2 stress group (S group), AEF and H2O2 stress group (S + AEF group). The experiment lasted for 30 days, during which the AEF group and the S + AEF group were fed 0.1 g/mL of AEF aqueous solution, once daily. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was employed as the stressor. On the 25th day of the experiment, the goslings were weighed and administered an abdominal cavity injection of H2O2. The results showed that compared with the control group, the body weight, spleen weight, bursa index of fabricius, spleen index, thymus index, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum, liver, and jejunum were decreased in S group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the S group, the body weight, spleen weight, bursa index of fabricius, spleen index, thymus index, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum, liver, and jejunum were enhanced in S + AEF group and S + AEF + LP group (p < 0.05). However, the content of cortisol (CORT) and blood glucose were increased in S group (p < 0.05), AEF and AEF + LP effectively alleviated these growth trend. Supplementing with AEF and LP post-stress alleviated stress-induced the expression of inflammatory factors (TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), and improve L*, a*, b*, Ph45 (min), Ph24 (h) and drip loss in pectoral (p < 0.05). The intestinal morphology results showed that the villus structures in the duodenum and jejunum of goslings were short and sparse under stress conditions, with a significant decrease in the villus height/crypt depth ratio (Vh/Cd). After AEF treatments, the villus height increased, leading to an improved Vh/Cd in the small intestine. In conclusion, AEF can enhance the immune performance, and antioxidant capacity of goslings, thereby improving intestinal health. These findings offer new insights into enhancing immune performance and preventing stress in goslings.
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spelling doaj-art-1ae32b825fcb433fb6e27533b0d588e52025-08-20T03:25:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-06-011210.3389/fvets.2025.15584401558440The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditionsQing Qu0Qing Qu1Qing Qu2Yihong Sun3Yihong Sun4Yihong Sun5Yayan Liang6Yayan Liang7Yayan Liang8Yongsheng Nie9Yongsheng Nie10Yongsheng Nie11Yongsheng Nie12Ming Gao13Ming Gao14Ming Gao15Yaohui Yuan16Wei Wang17Wei Wang18Wei Wang19Shuo Zhou20Shuo Zhou21Shuo Zhou22Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaInnovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaInnovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaInnovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaCrown Bioscience (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, ChinaInnovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaShenyang Weijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenyang, ChinaInnovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaInnovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, ChinaWith the development and improvement of the scale, intensification, and production level of the goose farming industry, oxidative stress often occurs during the process of producing meat geese. This study employed the intraperitoneal injection method with a concentration of 2.96 mmol/mL H2O2 to establish a model of oxidative stress in goslings. The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (AEF) extract on the immune function, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal barrier integrity of goslings were investigated. Twenty-four 1-month-old Magang geese from the same batch were randomly divided into four groups: control group (C group), AEF treatment group (AEF group), H2O2 stress group (S group), AEF and H2O2 stress group (S + AEF group). The experiment lasted for 30 days, during which the AEF group and the S + AEF group were fed 0.1 g/mL of AEF aqueous solution, once daily. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was employed as the stressor. On the 25th day of the experiment, the goslings were weighed and administered an abdominal cavity injection of H2O2. The results showed that compared with the control group, the body weight, spleen weight, bursa index of fabricius, spleen index, thymus index, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum, liver, and jejunum were decreased in S group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the S group, the body weight, spleen weight, bursa index of fabricius, spleen index, thymus index, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum, liver, and jejunum were enhanced in S + AEF group and S + AEF + LP group (p < 0.05). However, the content of cortisol (CORT) and blood glucose were increased in S group (p < 0.05), AEF and AEF + LP effectively alleviated these growth trend. Supplementing with AEF and LP post-stress alleviated stress-induced the expression of inflammatory factors (TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), and improve L*, a*, b*, Ph45 (min), Ph24 (h) and drip loss in pectoral (p < 0.05). The intestinal morphology results showed that the villus structures in the duodenum and jejunum of goslings were short and sparse under stress conditions, with a significant decrease in the villus height/crypt depth ratio (Vh/Cd). After AEF treatments, the villus height increased, leading to an improved Vh/Cd in the small intestine. In conclusion, AEF can enhance the immune performance, and antioxidant capacity of goslings, thereby improving intestinal health. These findings offer new insights into enhancing immune performance and preventing stress in goslings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1558440/fullgeesestressgrowth performanceinflammationimmune function
spellingShingle Qing Qu
Qing Qu
Qing Qu
Yihong Sun
Yihong Sun
Yihong Sun
Yayan Liang
Yayan Liang
Yayan Liang
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Yongsheng Nie
Ming Gao
Ming Gao
Ming Gao
Yaohui Yuan
Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Shuo Zhou
Shuo Zhou
Shuo Zhou
The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
geese
stress
growth performance
inflammation
immune function
title The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
title_full The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
title_fullStr The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
title_full_unstemmed The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
title_short The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
title_sort effects of astragalus epimedium and fructus ligustri lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity and immune status of goslings under stress conditions
topic geese
stress
growth performance
inflammation
immune function
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1558440/full
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