Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients
Echocardiography is routinely used to assess ventricular and valvular function, particularly in patients with known or suspected cardiac disease and who have evidence of hemodynamic compromise. A cornerstone to the use of echocardiographic imaging is not only the qualitative assessment, but also the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Cardiology Research and Practice |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/383217 |
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| author | Michael S. Firstenberg Erik E. Abel Thomas J. Papadimos Ravi S. Tripathi |
| author_facet | Michael S. Firstenberg Erik E. Abel Thomas J. Papadimos Ravi S. Tripathi |
| author_sort | Michael S. Firstenberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Echocardiography is routinely used to assess ventricular and valvular function, particularly in patients with known or suspected cardiac disease and who have evidence of hemodynamic compromise. A cornerstone to the use of echocardiographic imaging is not only the qualitative assessment, but also the quantitative Doppler-derived velocity characteristics of intracardiac blood flow. While simplified equations, such as the modified Bernoulli equation, are used to estimate intracardiac pressure gradients based upon Doppler velocity data, these modified equations are based upon assumptions of the varying contributions of the different forces that contribute to blood flow. Unfortunately, the assumptions can result in significant miscalculations in determining a gradient if not completely understood or they are misapplied. We briefly summarize the principles of fluid dynamics that are used clinically with some of the inherent limitations of routine broad application of the simplified Bernoulli equation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1aac40ba8eb343f8ae9a252bf824fbed |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8016 2090-0597 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiology Research and Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-1aac40ba8eb343f8ae9a252bf824fbed2025-02-03T01:09:09ZengWileyCardiology Research and Practice2090-80162090-05972012-01-01201210.1155/2012/383217383217Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure GradientsMichael S. Firstenberg0Erik E. Abel1Thomas J. Papadimos2Ravi S. Tripathi3Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADivision of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USAEchocardiography is routinely used to assess ventricular and valvular function, particularly in patients with known or suspected cardiac disease and who have evidence of hemodynamic compromise. A cornerstone to the use of echocardiographic imaging is not only the qualitative assessment, but also the quantitative Doppler-derived velocity characteristics of intracardiac blood flow. While simplified equations, such as the modified Bernoulli equation, are used to estimate intracardiac pressure gradients based upon Doppler velocity data, these modified equations are based upon assumptions of the varying contributions of the different forces that contribute to blood flow. Unfortunately, the assumptions can result in significant miscalculations in determining a gradient if not completely understood or they are misapplied. We briefly summarize the principles of fluid dynamics that are used clinically with some of the inherent limitations of routine broad application of the simplified Bernoulli equation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/383217 |
| spellingShingle | Michael S. Firstenberg Erik E. Abel Thomas J. Papadimos Ravi S. Tripathi Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients Cardiology Research and Practice |
| title | Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients |
| title_full | Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients |
| title_fullStr | Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients |
| title_short | Nonconvective Forces: A Critical and Often Ignored Component in the Echocardiographic Assessment of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients |
| title_sort | nonconvective forces a critical and often ignored component in the echocardiographic assessment of transvalvular pressure gradients |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/383217 |
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