Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization
The objective of this study was to compare the calorific values, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, SEM-EDX, XRF, FTIR spectroscopy, and TGA of the control feedstock and coal samples treated with different acid-alkali formulations. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the acid and alkali treat...
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| Format: | Article |
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Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Indonesian Journal of Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/100059 |
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| author | Aliyu Buba Ngulde Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani Nazmi Mat Nawi Umer Rashid Kiman Silas |
| author_facet | Aliyu Buba Ngulde Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani Nazmi Mat Nawi Umer Rashid Kiman Silas |
| author_sort | Aliyu Buba Ngulde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to compare the calorific values, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, SEM-EDX, XRF, FTIR spectroscopy, and TGA of the control feedstock and coal samples treated with different acid-alkali formulations. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the acid and alkali treatments, individually and in combination, on the structural and chemical properties of Melawan coal. The TGA results indicated that all treated coal samples showed reduced weight loss compared to raw coal, indicating the removal of minerals and volatile components owing to the treatment processes. Based on the DTG curve, the combination treatment (acid followed by base) somewhat stabilizes the coal, leading to a broader and less intense peak. EDS analysis revealed that both H2SO4 and NaOH treatments, individually and in combination, significantly altered the elemental composition of the coal. According to FTIR analysis, the presence of carbonyl groups can affect the performance of coal in processes such as gasification, pyrolysis, or combustion, making it a key functional group of interest for evaluating post-treatment coal properties. The removal of mineral impurities can lead to a higher calorific value, making coal more suitable for energy generation applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1a7f8db267de4cd88ef52834c599b4a2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1411-9420 2460-1578 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indonesian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-1a7f8db267de4cd88ef52834c599b4a22025-08-20T03:07:35ZengDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah MadaIndonesian Journal of Chemistry1411-94202460-15782025-05-0125376076910.22146/ijc.10005937560Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH DemineralizationAliyu Buba Ngulde0Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani1Nazmi Mat Nawi2Umer Rashid3Kiman Silas4Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, NigeriaSustainable Process Engineering Research Center (SPERC), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, MalaysiaInstitute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, MalaysiaInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, ThailandDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, NigeriaThe objective of this study was to compare the calorific values, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, SEM-EDX, XRF, FTIR spectroscopy, and TGA of the control feedstock and coal samples treated with different acid-alkali formulations. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the acid and alkali treatments, individually and in combination, on the structural and chemical properties of Melawan coal. The TGA results indicated that all treated coal samples showed reduced weight loss compared to raw coal, indicating the removal of minerals and volatile components owing to the treatment processes. Based on the DTG curve, the combination treatment (acid followed by base) somewhat stabilizes the coal, leading to a broader and less intense peak. EDS analysis revealed that both H2SO4 and NaOH treatments, individually and in combination, significantly altered the elemental composition of the coal. According to FTIR analysis, the presence of carbonyl groups can affect the performance of coal in processes such as gasification, pyrolysis, or combustion, making it a key functional group of interest for evaluating post-treatment coal properties. The removal of mineral impurities can lead to a higher calorific value, making coal more suitable for energy generation applications.https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/100059coal compositiondemineralizationmelawan coalcoal power plantcoal properties |
| spellingShingle | Aliyu Buba Ngulde Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani Nazmi Mat Nawi Umer Rashid Kiman Silas Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization Indonesian Journal of Chemistry coal composition demineralization melawan coal coal power plant coal properties |
| title | Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization |
| title_full | Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization |
| title_short | Enhancing the Energy Content of Melawan Coal through H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH Demineralization |
| title_sort | enhancing the energy content of melawan coal through h sub 2 sub so sub 4 sub and naoh demineralization |
| topic | coal composition demineralization melawan coal coal power plant coal properties |
| url | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/100059 |
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