AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction

Abstract Enhancing tissue repair and angiogenesis post-Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is critical to improving cardiac function and preventing heart failure. Recent studies have highlighted the interaction between immune cells and endothelial cells in post-AMI angiogenesis, yet the specific contr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yan Wang, Jiao Li, Yu Zhang, Pingping He, Weiwei Liu, Weirong Zeng, Chaofu Li, Yixuan Gao, Yongchao Zhao, Changyin Shen, Wenming Chen, Yunhang Li, Ranzun Zhao, Bei Shi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:Molecular Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01281-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850104111649783808
author Yan Wang
Jiao Li
Yu Zhang
Pingping He
Weiwei Liu
Weirong Zeng
Chaofu Li
Yixuan Gao
Yongchao Zhao
Changyin Shen
Wenming Chen
Yunhang Li
Ranzun Zhao
Bei Shi
author_facet Yan Wang
Jiao Li
Yu Zhang
Pingping He
Weiwei Liu
Weirong Zeng
Chaofu Li
Yixuan Gao
Yongchao Zhao
Changyin Shen
Wenming Chen
Yunhang Li
Ranzun Zhao
Bei Shi
author_sort Yan Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Enhancing tissue repair and angiogenesis post-Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is critical to improving cardiac function and preventing heart failure. Recent studies have highlighted the interaction between immune cells and endothelial cells in post-AMI angiogenesis, yet the specific contributions of different immune cell subsets remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests the presence of a subset of regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing Amphiregulin (AREG) in infarcted myocardial tissue, with AREG acting as a paracrine protein that plays a key role in angiogenesis. However, whether AREG⁺ Tregs mediate post-AMI angiogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that Treg activation promotes tissue repair and improves cardiac function after AMI, although it does not significantly impact angiogenesis or endothelial cell behaviors. Notably, overexpression of AREG⁺ Tregs stimulates robust neovascularization post-AMI, reduces myocardial fibrosis, and further enhances cardiac function. Our in vitro data reveal that AREG⁺ Tregs secrete not only AREG but also angiogenic factors such as VEGF and FGF, which promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. RNA sequencing analysis identifies FoxM1 as a key regulator of this angiogenic process in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs). Importantly, inhibition of AREG in Tregs abolishes the FoxM1-dependent angiogenic response.In summary, we identified AREG⁺ Tregs as a distinct cell population driving neovascularization post-AMI, with FoxM1-mediated angiogenesis in CMECs. This may provide a foundation for harnessing specific Treg subsets for cardioprotection following AMI.
format Article
id doaj-art-1a7ae6fe2ceb4178b8ca787642de93d2
institution DOAJ
issn 1528-3658
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Molecular Medicine
spelling doaj-art-1a7ae6fe2ceb4178b8ca787642de93d22025-08-20T02:39:24ZengBMCMolecular Medicine1528-36582025-06-0131111810.1186/s10020-025-01281-8AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarctionYan Wang0Jiao Li1Yu Zhang2Pingping He3Weiwei Liu4Weirong Zeng5Chaofu Li6Yixuan Gao7Yongchao Zhao8Changyin Shen9Wenming Chen10Yunhang Li11Ranzun Zhao12Bei Shi13Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial Staff HospitalDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityAbstract Enhancing tissue repair and angiogenesis post-Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is critical to improving cardiac function and preventing heart failure. Recent studies have highlighted the interaction between immune cells and endothelial cells in post-AMI angiogenesis, yet the specific contributions of different immune cell subsets remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests the presence of a subset of regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing Amphiregulin (AREG) in infarcted myocardial tissue, with AREG acting as a paracrine protein that plays a key role in angiogenesis. However, whether AREG⁺ Tregs mediate post-AMI angiogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that Treg activation promotes tissue repair and improves cardiac function after AMI, although it does not significantly impact angiogenesis or endothelial cell behaviors. Notably, overexpression of AREG⁺ Tregs stimulates robust neovascularization post-AMI, reduces myocardial fibrosis, and further enhances cardiac function. Our in vitro data reveal that AREG⁺ Tregs secrete not only AREG but also angiogenic factors such as VEGF and FGF, which promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. RNA sequencing analysis identifies FoxM1 as a key regulator of this angiogenic process in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs). Importantly, inhibition of AREG in Tregs abolishes the FoxM1-dependent angiogenic response.In summary, we identified AREG⁺ Tregs as a distinct cell population driving neovascularization post-AMI, with FoxM1-mediated angiogenesis in CMECs. This may provide a foundation for harnessing specific Treg subsets for cardioprotection following AMI.https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01281-8Acute myocardial infarctionNeovascularizationAREGRegulatory T cellsFoxM1
spellingShingle Yan Wang
Jiao Li
Yu Zhang
Pingping He
Weiwei Liu
Weirong Zeng
Chaofu Li
Yixuan Gao
Yongchao Zhao
Changyin Shen
Wenming Chen
Yunhang Li
Ranzun Zhao
Bei Shi
AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
Molecular Medicine
Acute myocardial infarction
Neovascularization
AREG
Regulatory T cells
FoxM1
title AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
title_full AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
title_fullStr AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
title_full_unstemmed AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
title_short AREG+ regulatory T cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
title_sort areg regulatory t cells mediating myocardial repair and neovascularization after myocardial infarction
topic Acute myocardial infarction
Neovascularization
AREG
Regulatory T cells
FoxM1
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01281-8
work_keys_str_mv AT yanwang aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT jiaoli aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT yuzhang aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT pingpinghe aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT weiweiliu aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT weirongzeng aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT chaofuli aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT yixuangao aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT yongchaozhao aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT changyinshen aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT wenmingchen aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT yunhangli aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT ranzunzhao aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction
AT beishi aregregulatorytcellsmediatingmyocardialrepairandneovascularizationaftermyocardialinfarction