Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification
Conventional biodiesel production from palm oil requires separate extraction and transesterification steps, leading to increased costs and complexity. This study introduces an innovative in-situ transesterification method utilizing oil palm pulp, eliminating the need for oil extraction and simplify...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
UNIMAS Publisher
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Applied Science & Process Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://publisher.unimas.my/ojs/index.php/JASPE/article/view/9188 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850172209050419200 |
|---|---|
| author | CHEN XI LIM ramli Mat |
| author_facet | CHEN XI LIM ramli Mat |
| author_sort | CHEN XI LIM |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Conventional biodiesel production from palm oil requires separate extraction and transesterification steps, leading to increased costs and complexity. This study introduces an innovative in-situ transesterification method utilizing oil palm pulp, eliminating the need for oil extraction and simplifying the production process, which ultimately reduces costs. The effects of catalyst type, methanol-to-pulp ratio, and hexane addition on biodiesel yield were systematically evaluated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to confirm the biodiesel purity and assess the composition. Results showed that sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) outperformed sodium hydroxide (NaOH) due to reduced soap formation, which hindered phase separation. The highest biodiesel yield of 38.79% was achieved at 75°C, using 3 wt% sulphuric acid, a 2:1 methanol-to-pulp ratio (ml:g), and a 24-hour reaction time, with no hexane addition. The presence of hexane as a co-solvent had minimal impact on biodiesel yield. This study demonstrates a cost-effective, simplified process for biodiesel production from oil palm pulp, offering significant potential for scaling up production. Future research could focus on conducting a detailed cost analysis and exploring the scalability of the in-situ process to validate its commercial viability.
|
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1a4fba4f0f484346901f879a975363fd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2289-7771 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | UNIMAS Publisher |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Applied Science & Process Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-1a4fba4f0f484346901f879a975363fd2025-08-20T02:20:08ZengUNIMAS PublisherJournal of Applied Science & Process Engineering2289-77712025-04-0112110.33736/jaspe.9188.2025Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification CHEN XI LIM0ramli Mat1Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, MalaysiaFaculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia Conventional biodiesel production from palm oil requires separate extraction and transesterification steps, leading to increased costs and complexity. This study introduces an innovative in-situ transesterification method utilizing oil palm pulp, eliminating the need for oil extraction and simplifying the production process, which ultimately reduces costs. The effects of catalyst type, methanol-to-pulp ratio, and hexane addition on biodiesel yield were systematically evaluated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to confirm the biodiesel purity and assess the composition. Results showed that sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) outperformed sodium hydroxide (NaOH) due to reduced soap formation, which hindered phase separation. The highest biodiesel yield of 38.79% was achieved at 75°C, using 3 wt% sulphuric acid, a 2:1 methanol-to-pulp ratio (ml:g), and a 24-hour reaction time, with no hexane addition. The presence of hexane as a co-solvent had minimal impact on biodiesel yield. This study demonstrates a cost-effective, simplified process for biodiesel production from oil palm pulp, offering significant potential for scaling up production. Future research could focus on conducting a detailed cost analysis and exploring the scalability of the in-situ process to validate its commercial viability. https://publisher.unimas.my/ojs/index.php/JASPE/article/view/9188In-situ transesterification, biodiesel, extraction, palm oil pulp, co-solvent |
| spellingShingle | CHEN XI LIM ramli Mat Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification Journal of Applied Science & Process Engineering In-situ transesterification, biodiesel, extraction, palm oil pulp, co-solvent |
| title | Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification |
| title_full | Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification |
| title_short | Exploring Oil Palm Fruit Pulp for Direct Biodiesel Production via In-Situ Transesterification |
| title_sort | exploring oil palm fruit pulp for direct biodiesel production via in situ transesterification |
| topic | In-situ transesterification, biodiesel, extraction, palm oil pulp, co-solvent |
| url | https://publisher.unimas.my/ojs/index.php/JASPE/article/view/9188 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chenxilim exploringoilpalmfruitpulpfordirectbiodieselproductionviainsitutransesterification AT ramlimat exploringoilpalmfruitpulpfordirectbiodieselproductionviainsitutransesterification |