Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals

Nitrogen (N) deficiency in soil limits the development of forage grasses, while its application can significantly increase productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing N doses and cutting intervals on structural and productive traits, biomass allocation, leaf chlorophyll inde...

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Main Authors: Vinícus L. Pinheiro, Andressa S. Mendonça, Danny Hellen G. Cruz, Laylles C. Araújo, Kele S. P. Andrade, Tiago C. Rocha, Weverton P. Rodrigues
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Nitrogen
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/6/1/12
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author Vinícus L. Pinheiro
Andressa S. Mendonça
Danny Hellen G. Cruz
Laylles C. Araújo
Kele S. P. Andrade
Tiago C. Rocha
Weverton P. Rodrigues
author_facet Vinícus L. Pinheiro
Andressa S. Mendonça
Danny Hellen G. Cruz
Laylles C. Araújo
Kele S. P. Andrade
Tiago C. Rocha
Weverton P. Rodrigues
author_sort Vinícus L. Pinheiro
collection DOAJ
description Nitrogen (N) deficiency in soil limits the development of forage grasses, while its application can significantly increase productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing N doses and cutting intervals on structural and productive traits, biomass allocation, leaf chlorophyll index, and specific leaf area in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão. The experiment was conducted with a randomized block design in the field, using a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with five N fertilization levels (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>) and two cutting intervals (either 28 or 56 days). Our measurements included plant height, number of tillers, dry mass production, fresh shoot weight, root dry mass, leaf and stem biomass, SPAD readings, and specific leaf area. The results indicated a significant increase in SPAD values associated with higher N fertilization levels, so that the 300 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> dose resulted in the most significant changes compared to the control, with SPAD values increasing from 38.2 in the control group to 54.7. Dry mass production (DMP) was higher at the 28-day cutting interval compared to 56 days, particularly with 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>. The 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> dose resulted in a 68% increase in DMP compared to the control at 28-day intervals. Additionally, fertilization enhanced the number of tillers, leading to greater biomass accumulation. Significant differences in plant height were observed between cutting intervals, with taller plants recorded at 56 days. N fertilization promoted increased plant height, particularly at doses of 200, 300, and 400 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>year<sup>−1</sup>. Therefore, our study suggests the use of 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> dose at 28-day intervals. Thus, cutting frequency directly influenced plant growth.
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spelling doaj-art-1a360cf08e5644dfba6b0240793cbc282025-08-20T02:42:23ZengMDPI AGNitrogen2504-31292025-03-01611210.3390/nitrogen6010012Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting IntervalsVinícus L. Pinheiro0Andressa S. Mendonça1Danny Hellen G. Cruz2Laylles C. Araújo3Kele S. P. Andrade4Tiago C. Rocha5Weverton P. Rodrigues6Agricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilAgricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilAgricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilAgricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilAgricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilAgricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilAgricultural Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilNitrogen (N) deficiency in soil limits the development of forage grasses, while its application can significantly increase productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing N doses and cutting intervals on structural and productive traits, biomass allocation, leaf chlorophyll index, and specific leaf area in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão. The experiment was conducted with a randomized block design in the field, using a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with five N fertilization levels (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>) and two cutting intervals (either 28 or 56 days). Our measurements included plant height, number of tillers, dry mass production, fresh shoot weight, root dry mass, leaf and stem biomass, SPAD readings, and specific leaf area. The results indicated a significant increase in SPAD values associated with higher N fertilization levels, so that the 300 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> dose resulted in the most significant changes compared to the control, with SPAD values increasing from 38.2 in the control group to 54.7. Dry mass production (DMP) was higher at the 28-day cutting interval compared to 56 days, particularly with 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>. The 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> dose resulted in a 68% increase in DMP compared to the control at 28-day intervals. Additionally, fertilization enhanced the number of tillers, leading to greater biomass accumulation. Significant differences in plant height were observed between cutting intervals, with taller plants recorded at 56 days. N fertilization promoted increased plant height, particularly at doses of 200, 300, and 400 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>year<sup>−1</sup>. Therefore, our study suggests the use of 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> dose at 28-day intervals. Thus, cutting frequency directly influenced plant growth.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/6/1/12biomass accumulationcutting intervalsdry mass productionforage productivitynitrogen fertilizationSPAD readings
spellingShingle Vinícus L. Pinheiro
Andressa S. Mendonça
Danny Hellen G. Cruz
Laylles C. Araújo
Kele S. P. Andrade
Tiago C. Rocha
Weverton P. Rodrigues
Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals
Nitrogen
biomass accumulation
cutting intervals
dry mass production
forage productivity
nitrogen fertilization
SPAD readings
title Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals
title_full Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals
title_fullStr Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals
title_full_unstemmed Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals
title_short Structural Traits, Production, Biomass Allocation, and Changes in Leaf Investment in <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. MG12 Paredão Under Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Intervals
title_sort structural traits production biomass allocation and changes in leaf investment in i megathyrsus maximus i cv mg12 paredao under nitrogen fertilization and cutting intervals
topic biomass accumulation
cutting intervals
dry mass production
forage productivity
nitrogen fertilization
SPAD readings
url https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/6/1/12
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