Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies

Abstract Data deluge characteristic for our times has led to information overload, posing a significant challenge to effectively finding our way through the digital landscape. Addressing this issue requires an in-depth understanding of how we navigate through the abundance of information. Previous r...

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Main Authors: Manran Zhu, János Kertész
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-06-01
Series:EPJ Data Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-025-00558-6
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author Manran Zhu
János Kertész
author_facet Manran Zhu
János Kertész
author_sort Manran Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Data deluge characteristic for our times has led to information overload, posing a significant challenge to effectively finding our way through the digital landscape. Addressing this issue requires an in-depth understanding of how we navigate through the abundance of information. Previous research has discovered multiple patterns in how individuals navigate in the geographic, social, and information spaces, yet individual differences in strategies for navigation in the knowledge space has remained largely unexplored. To bridge the gap, we conducted an online experiment where participants played a navigation game on Wikipedia and completed questionnaires about their personal information. Utilizing the hierarchical structure of the English Wikipedia and a graph embedding trained on it, we identified two navigation strategies and found that there are significant individual differences in the choices of them. Older, white and female participants tend to adopt a proximity-driven strategy, while younger participants prefer a hub-driven strategy. Our study connects social navigation to knowledge navigation: individuals’ differing tendencies to use geographical and occupational information about the target person to navigate in the social space can be understood as different choices between the hub-driven and proximity-driven strategies in the knowledge space.
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spelling doaj-art-1a169bb4cfb4457eaf6eaa81bf2a96652025-08-20T03:10:29ZengSpringerOpenEPJ Data Science2193-11272025-06-0114111610.1140/epjds/s13688-025-00558-6Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategiesManran Zhu0János Kertész1Department of Network and Data Science, Central European UniversityDepartment of Network and Data Science, Central European UniversityAbstract Data deluge characteristic for our times has led to information overload, posing a significant challenge to effectively finding our way through the digital landscape. Addressing this issue requires an in-depth understanding of how we navigate through the abundance of information. Previous research has discovered multiple patterns in how individuals navigate in the geographic, social, and information spaces, yet individual differences in strategies for navigation in the knowledge space has remained largely unexplored. To bridge the gap, we conducted an online experiment where participants played a navigation game on Wikipedia and completed questionnaires about their personal information. Utilizing the hierarchical structure of the English Wikipedia and a graph embedding trained on it, we identified two navigation strategies and found that there are significant individual differences in the choices of them. Older, white and female participants tend to adopt a proximity-driven strategy, while younger participants prefer a hub-driven strategy. Our study connects social navigation to knowledge navigation: individuals’ differing tendencies to use geographical and occupational information about the target person to navigate in the social space can be understood as different choices between the hub-driven and proximity-driven strategies in the knowledge space.https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-025-00558-6NavigationOnline experimentWikipediaGraph embedding
spellingShingle Manran Zhu
János Kertész
Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies
EPJ Data Science
Navigation
Online experiment
Wikipedia
Graph embedding
title Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies
title_full Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies
title_fullStr Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies
title_full_unstemmed Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies
title_short Milgram’s experiment in the knowledge space: individual navigation strategies
title_sort milgram s experiment in the knowledge space individual navigation strategies
topic Navigation
Online experiment
Wikipedia
Graph embedding
url https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-025-00558-6
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