The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults
Background: Our previous observational cohort study, the Kashima Scan Study (KSS), identified associations between lifestyle, cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) as detected by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, and disease outcomes including cognitive impairment and vascular diseases. However...
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Komiyama Printing Co. Ltd
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/30/0/30_25-00135/_html/-char/en |
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| author | Kohei Suzuyama Yusuke Yakushiji Akiko Matsumoto Toshihiro Ide Mikiko Tokiya Atsushi Ogata Junko Nakajima Tatsumi Hirotsu Shuhei Ikeda Tatsuya Doyama Masayasu Morikawa Yuta Goto Yoshiko Katsuki Kazuhiro Kawamoto Yoshimasa Oda Haruki Koike Hideo Hara |
| author_facet | Kohei Suzuyama Yusuke Yakushiji Akiko Matsumoto Toshihiro Ide Mikiko Tokiya Atsushi Ogata Junko Nakajima Tatsumi Hirotsu Shuhei Ikeda Tatsuya Doyama Masayasu Morikawa Yuta Goto Yoshiko Katsuki Kazuhiro Kawamoto Yoshimasa Oda Haruki Koike Hideo Hara |
| author_sort | Kohei Suzuyama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Our previous observational cohort study, the Kashima Scan Study (KSS), identified associations between lifestyle, cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) as detected by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, and disease outcomes including cognitive impairment and vascular diseases. However, established modifiers of the outcomes such as genetic background, drinking and exercise habits, and socioeconomic status were not considered. Regarding genetic factors in particular, the ALDH2 rs671 variant, East Asian-specific diversity, and APOE status are expected to have strong effects. The aim of KSS-2 is to examine the interactions of genetic background, lifestyle factors including drinking habit, socioeconomic status, and/or SVD markers for cognitive impairment, vascular disease, and death. Method: The KSS-2 is a prospective regional observational study of a healthy Japanese cohort that will clarify lifestyle habits to better maintain brain health from midlife by genotype. Japanese adults who underwent brain health checkups at their own expense are enrolled and will be followed-up for 10 years. We will extend the protocol of the KSS to include genetic background and potential confounding factors, including lifestyle (including drinking and exercise habit) and socioeconomic status, and perform survival analyses. The study outcomes are cognitive impairment, vascular events, and death. Results: We enrolled 908 healthy adults (mean age 64.2 years; range 35 to 84 years; 41% male) from September 1, 2018 until December 31, 2024. Conclusion: This study will provide important insights into the development of individualized health intervention strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1a0db69acfab432689b557b01bcdb1b3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1342-078X 1347-4715 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Komiyama Printing Co. Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-1a0db69acfab432689b557b01bcdb1b32025-08-20T03:09:34ZengKomiyama Printing Co. LtdEnvironmental Health and Preventive Medicine1342-078X1347-47152025-07-0130525210.1265/ehpm.25-00135ehpmThe Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adultsKohei Suzuyama0Yusuke Yakushiji1Akiko Matsumoto2Toshihiro Ide3Mikiko Tokiya4Atsushi Ogata5Junko Nakajima6Tatsumi Hirotsu7Shuhei Ikeda8Tatsuya Doyama9Masayasu Morikawa10Yuta Goto11Yoshiko Katsuki12Kazuhiro Kawamoto13Yoshimasa Oda14Haruki Koike15Hideo Hara16Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDepartment of Social Medicine, Saga UniversityDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDepartment of Social Medicine, Saga UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, Saga University Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Radiology, Oda HospitalDepartment of Neurosurgery, Oda HospitalDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Kansai Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Kansai Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Oda HospitalDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityDivision of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga UniversityBackground: Our previous observational cohort study, the Kashima Scan Study (KSS), identified associations between lifestyle, cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) as detected by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, and disease outcomes including cognitive impairment and vascular diseases. However, established modifiers of the outcomes such as genetic background, drinking and exercise habits, and socioeconomic status were not considered. Regarding genetic factors in particular, the ALDH2 rs671 variant, East Asian-specific diversity, and APOE status are expected to have strong effects. The aim of KSS-2 is to examine the interactions of genetic background, lifestyle factors including drinking habit, socioeconomic status, and/or SVD markers for cognitive impairment, vascular disease, and death. Method: The KSS-2 is a prospective regional observational study of a healthy Japanese cohort that will clarify lifestyle habits to better maintain brain health from midlife by genotype. Japanese adults who underwent brain health checkups at their own expense are enrolled and will be followed-up for 10 years. We will extend the protocol of the KSS to include genetic background and potential confounding factors, including lifestyle (including drinking and exercise habit) and socioeconomic status, and perform survival analyses. The study outcomes are cognitive impairment, vascular events, and death. Results: We enrolled 908 healthy adults (mean age 64.2 years; range 35 to 84 years; 41% male) from September 1, 2018 until December 31, 2024. Conclusion: This study will provide important insights into the development of individualized health intervention strategies.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/30/0/30_25-00135/_html/-char/ensmall vessel diseasestrokecardiovascular diseasecognitive impairmentgenetic polymorphismlifestyles |
| spellingShingle | Kohei Suzuyama Yusuke Yakushiji Akiko Matsumoto Toshihiro Ide Mikiko Tokiya Atsushi Ogata Junko Nakajima Tatsumi Hirotsu Shuhei Ikeda Tatsuya Doyama Masayasu Morikawa Yuta Goto Yoshiko Katsuki Kazuhiro Kawamoto Yoshimasa Oda Haruki Koike Hideo Hara The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine small vessel disease stroke cardiovascular disease cognitive impairment genetic polymorphism lifestyles |
| title | The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults |
| title_full | The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults |
| title_fullStr | The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults |
| title_short | The Kashima Scan Study 2: a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults |
| title_sort | kashima scan study 2 a protocol for a prospective observational cohort study of cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically healthy adults |
| topic | small vessel disease stroke cardiovascular disease cognitive impairment genetic polymorphism lifestyles |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/30/0/30_25-00135/_html/-char/en |
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