In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones
Objective: This study determined the in vitro susceptibility of three bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, to 11 commercially available topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones: levofloxacin (Oftaquix and Leeflox), ofloxacin (Ofbeat and Inoflox)...
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Philippine Academy of Ophthalmology
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Philippine Journal of Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | https://paojournal.com/index.php/pjo/article/view/12 |
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| author | Arabella R. Mendoza Eleonore B. Iguban |
| author_facet | Arabella R. Mendoza Eleonore B. Iguban |
| author_sort | Arabella R. Mendoza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: This study determined the in vitro susceptibility of three bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, to 11 commercially available topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones: levofloxacin (Oftaquix and Leeflox), ofloxacin (Ofbeat and Inoflox), moxifloxacin (Vigamox and Vistamox), besifloxacin (Besivance), ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan and Celsus), and gatifloxacin (Zymar and Agatiflox).
Methods: Zones of inhibitions in millimeters (mm) were obtained for the three bacterial isolates to assess antimicrobial activity. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine differences in antimicrobial sensitivity among treatment groups. T-test was used to detect significant differences between the innovator and the locally produced topical fluoroquinolones.
Results: The three bacterial isolates were sensitive to all 11 topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones. Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan and Celsus) produced the largest zones of inhibition for P. aeruginosa isolates. Moxifloxacin (Vigamox and Vistamox) produced the largest zones of inhibition for S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates. Significant statistical differences were observed between the innovator ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) and the locally manufactured ciprofloxacin (Celsus) when tested against P. aeruginosa, as well as between the innovator moxifloxacin (Vigamox) and the locally manufactured moxifloxacin (Vistamox) when tested against S. aureus (p<0.05). The rest of the topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones showed no statistically significant differences between the locally manufactured and innovator brands.
Conclusion: Although all the tested topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones showed significant antimicrobial sensitivity in vitro against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. pneumoniae, some of them demonstrated better antimicrobial activity towards certain organisms. Thus, it is still recommended to determine the etiology of the bacterial keratitis to optimize therapeutic management strategies. Moreover, innovator brands of moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin were found to be superior in terms of antimicrobial activity compared to locally manufactured brands against particular bacterial pathogens. This may influence treatment response and outcomes, particularly when dealing with keratitis caused by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1a00931d92ce4702abfee828673dc93f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0031-7659 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Philippine Academy of Ophthalmology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Philippine Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-1a00931d92ce4702abfee828673dc93f2025-08-20T02:04:51ZengPhilippine Academy of OphthalmologyPhilippine Journal of Ophthalmology0031-76592024-06-01491485312In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic FluoroquinolonesArabella R. Mendoza0Eleonore B. Iguban1Department of Ophthalmology, Rizal Medical Center, PhilippinesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Rizal Medical Center, PhilippinesObjective: This study determined the in vitro susceptibility of three bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, to 11 commercially available topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones: levofloxacin (Oftaquix and Leeflox), ofloxacin (Ofbeat and Inoflox), moxifloxacin (Vigamox and Vistamox), besifloxacin (Besivance), ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan and Celsus), and gatifloxacin (Zymar and Agatiflox). Methods: Zones of inhibitions in millimeters (mm) were obtained for the three bacterial isolates to assess antimicrobial activity. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine differences in antimicrobial sensitivity among treatment groups. T-test was used to detect significant differences between the innovator and the locally produced topical fluoroquinolones. Results: The three bacterial isolates were sensitive to all 11 topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones. Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan and Celsus) produced the largest zones of inhibition for P. aeruginosa isolates. Moxifloxacin (Vigamox and Vistamox) produced the largest zones of inhibition for S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates. Significant statistical differences were observed between the innovator ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) and the locally manufactured ciprofloxacin (Celsus) when tested against P. aeruginosa, as well as between the innovator moxifloxacin (Vigamox) and the locally manufactured moxifloxacin (Vistamox) when tested against S. aureus (p<0.05). The rest of the topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones showed no statistically significant differences between the locally manufactured and innovator brands. Conclusion: Although all the tested topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones showed significant antimicrobial sensitivity in vitro against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. pneumoniae, some of them demonstrated better antimicrobial activity towards certain organisms. Thus, it is still recommended to determine the etiology of the bacterial keratitis to optimize therapeutic management strategies. Moreover, innovator brands of moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin were found to be superior in terms of antimicrobial activity compared to locally manufactured brands against particular bacterial pathogens. This may influence treatment response and outcomes, particularly when dealing with keratitis caused by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.https://paojournal.com/index.php/pjo/article/view/12bacterial keratitisfluoroquinolonesantibacterial susceptibilitypseudomonas aeruginosastaphylococcus aureusstreptococcus pneumoniae |
| spellingShingle | Arabella R. Mendoza Eleonore B. Iguban In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones Philippine Journal of Ophthalmology bacterial keratitis fluoroquinolones antibacterial susceptibility pseudomonas aeruginosa staphylococcus aureus streptococcus pneumoniae |
| title | In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones |
| title_full | In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones |
| title_short | In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Keratitis Pathogens to Topical Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones |
| title_sort | in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of common bacterial keratitis pathogens to topical ophthalmic fluoroquinolones |
| topic | bacterial keratitis fluoroquinolones antibacterial susceptibility pseudomonas aeruginosa staphylococcus aureus streptococcus pneumoniae |
| url | https://paojournal.com/index.php/pjo/article/view/12 |
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