Optimizing appliance scheduling for utility and budget in smart energy systems under inclining block rate tariffs
Smart energy management is critical for reducing household electricity costs and addressing rising demand. While appliance scheduling is often explored under dynamic pricing schemes, this study demonstrates its effectiveness under Inclining Block Rate (IBR) tariffs—commonly used in developing countr...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025025216 |
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| Summary: | Smart energy management is critical for reducing household electricity costs and addressing rising demand. While appliance scheduling is often explored under dynamic pricing schemes, this study demonstrates its effectiveness under Inclining Block Rate (IBR) tariffs—commonly used in developing countries and currently applied in Egypt. This paper proposes a Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP) model for optimal appliance scheduling, incorporating user-defined daily budget limits, utility preferences, and photovoltaic (PV) integration under net metering. The model is validated using synthetic test cases and empirical data from a household survey, alongside actual solar generation profiles. All analyses reflect Egypt’s residential IBR tariff structure and PV feed-in rates as of 2023. Results show that low-income households (350 kWh/month) with a 2.5 kW PV system achieve full energy self-sufficiency under a 5 EGP/day budget, generating a surplus. Without PV, the same group meets essential needs under a 15 EGP/day budget with a net expense of 11.55 EGP/day. High-income households (1000 kWh/month) reach maximum utility under a 60 EGP/day budget. These findings confirm that appliance load scheduling is viable and impactful under IBR tariffs. Sensitivity analysis results demonstrate that beyond a certain threshold, increasing the daily budget limit yields no further gains in user satisfaction. This highlights the optimal budget levels households should aim for under the IBR tariff. The model offers a scalable, budget-aware framework to support smart energy management and PV adoption across Egyptian households and similar emerging-economy contexts. |
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| ISSN: | 2590-1230 |