Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH

Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles have been synthesized using alcoholic extracts, at pH = 7 and low temperature (60 °C), from different masses (1.00, 3.00, 5.00, and 7.00 g) of fresh leaves from <i>Nerium oleander</i> and <i>Bixa orellana</i>,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Eiser Valle-Rivera, Segundo R. Jáuregui-Rosas, Sergio P. R. Avila-Concepción, Fanny V. Samanamud-Moreno, Gina G. Zavaleta-Espejo, Jovanna Huaman-Quispe, Sharol Gavidia-Sare, José A. Saldaña-Jiménez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Crystals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/3/226
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850205192368160768
author Eiser Valle-Rivera
Segundo R. Jáuregui-Rosas
Sergio P. R. Avila-Concepción
Fanny V. Samanamud-Moreno
Gina G. Zavaleta-Espejo
Jovanna Huaman-Quispe
Sharol Gavidia-Sare
José A. Saldaña-Jiménez
author_facet Eiser Valle-Rivera
Segundo R. Jáuregui-Rosas
Sergio P. R. Avila-Concepción
Fanny V. Samanamud-Moreno
Gina G. Zavaleta-Espejo
Jovanna Huaman-Quispe
Sharol Gavidia-Sare
José A. Saldaña-Jiménez
author_sort Eiser Valle-Rivera
collection DOAJ
description Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles have been synthesized using alcoholic extracts, at pH = 7 and low temperature (60 °C), from different masses (1.00, 3.00, 5.00, and 7.00 g) of fresh leaves from <i>Nerium oleander</i> and <i>Bixa orellana</i>, without additional heat treatment. Appropriate techniques were used to identify the secondary metabolites of the extracts and evaluate the structural, optical, and chemical properties of the nanoparticles. The XRD results confirmed the formation of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles with crystallite size in the 5−8 nm range, with more notable effects on the crystallinity of the nanoparticles obtained with <i>B. orellana</i> extracts. The greatest effect on the bandgap was observed in nanoparticles synthesized with <i>N. oleander</i> extracts. Raman spectra confirmed phonon confinement, and in the PL spectra, emission bands associated with structural defects, such as oxygen vacancies, were observed. In FTIR spectra, the main bands of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> were identified, whose intensity decreased as the concentration of extract and other bands associated with functional groups of the extract increased. TEM images showed nanoparticles were spherical with 7.81 nm (N1) and 7.94 nm (B1) average diameters. The extract from <i>N. oleander</i> leaves was more appropriate than that from <i>B. orellana</i> for the synthesis of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles under the conditions used.
format Article
id doaj-art-19efdd9cfe0c4364bc81617cee239e13
institution OA Journals
issn 2073-4352
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Crystals
spelling doaj-art-19efdd9cfe0c4364bc81617cee239e132025-08-20T02:11:09ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-02-0115322610.3390/cryst15030226Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pHEiser Valle-Rivera0Segundo R. Jáuregui-Rosas1Sergio P. R. Avila-Concepción2Fanny V. Samanamud-Moreno3Gina G. Zavaleta-Espejo4Jovanna Huaman-Quispe5Sharol Gavidia-Sare6José A. Saldaña-Jiménez7Escuela de Física, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruDepartamento de Física, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruEscuela de Física, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruDepartamento de Física, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruDepartamento de Ciencias Biológicas, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruEscuela de Ciencias Biológicas, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruEscuela de Ciencias Biológicas, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruDepartamento de Ciencias Biológicas, GMIN-UNT, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, PeruMn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles have been synthesized using alcoholic extracts, at pH = 7 and low temperature (60 °C), from different masses (1.00, 3.00, 5.00, and 7.00 g) of fresh leaves from <i>Nerium oleander</i> and <i>Bixa orellana</i>, without additional heat treatment. Appropriate techniques were used to identify the secondary metabolites of the extracts and evaluate the structural, optical, and chemical properties of the nanoparticles. The XRD results confirmed the formation of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles with crystallite size in the 5−8 nm range, with more notable effects on the crystallinity of the nanoparticles obtained with <i>B. orellana</i> extracts. The greatest effect on the bandgap was observed in nanoparticles synthesized with <i>N. oleander</i> extracts. Raman spectra confirmed phonon confinement, and in the PL spectra, emission bands associated with structural defects, such as oxygen vacancies, were observed. In FTIR spectra, the main bands of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> were identified, whose intensity decreased as the concentration of extract and other bands associated with functional groups of the extract increased. TEM images showed nanoparticles were spherical with 7.81 nm (N1) and 7.94 nm (B1) average diameters. The extract from <i>N. oleander</i> leaves was more appropriate than that from <i>B. orellana</i> for the synthesis of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles under the conditions used.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/3/226nanoparticlesMn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>biosynthesis<i>Nerium oleander</i><i>Bixa orellana</i>
spellingShingle Eiser Valle-Rivera
Segundo R. Jáuregui-Rosas
Sergio P. R. Avila-Concepción
Fanny V. Samanamud-Moreno
Gina G. Zavaleta-Espejo
Jovanna Huaman-Quispe
Sharol Gavidia-Sare
José A. Saldaña-Jiménez
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH
Crystals
nanoparticles
Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
biosynthesis
<i>Nerium oleander</i>
<i>Bixa orellana</i>
title Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH
title_full Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH
title_fullStr Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH
title_full_unstemmed Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH
title_short Biosynthesis and Characterization of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Using <i>Bixa orellana</i> and <i>Nerium oleander</i> Leaf Extracts at Low Temperature and Neutral pH
title_sort biosynthesis and characterization of mn sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub nanoparticles using i bixa orellana i and i nerium oleander i leaf extracts at low temperature and neutral ph
topic nanoparticles
Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
biosynthesis
<i>Nerium oleander</i>
<i>Bixa orellana</i>
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/3/226
work_keys_str_mv AT eiservallerivera biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT segundorjaureguirosas biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT sergiopravilaconcepcion biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT fannyvsamanamudmoreno biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT ginagzavaletaespejo biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT jovannahuamanquispe biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT sharolgavidiasare biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph
AT joseasaldanajimenez biosynthesisandcharacterizationofmnsub3subosub4subnanoparticlesusingibixaorellanaiandineriumoleanderileafextractsatlowtemperatureandneutralph