Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>

Certain plant raw materials are rich in antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds, which are highly valued in modern medicine. These include the leaves of various species and cultivars of pears. For our research, we chose the leaves of the common pear (<i>Pyrus communis</i>) and Asian pear...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Beata Żbikowska, Magdalena Kotowska, Andrzej Gamian, Katarzyna Patek, Katarzyna Matuła, Daria Augustyniak, Kamila Korzekwa, Zbigniew Sroka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Biomolecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/6/821
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849431894219816960
author Beata Żbikowska
Magdalena Kotowska
Andrzej Gamian
Katarzyna Patek
Katarzyna Matuła
Daria Augustyniak
Kamila Korzekwa
Zbigniew Sroka
author_facet Beata Żbikowska
Magdalena Kotowska
Andrzej Gamian
Katarzyna Patek
Katarzyna Matuła
Daria Augustyniak
Kamila Korzekwa
Zbigniew Sroka
author_sort Beata Żbikowska
collection DOAJ
description Certain plant raw materials are rich in antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds, which are highly valued in modern medicine. These include the leaves of various species and cultivars of pears. For our research, we chose the leaves of the common pear (<i>Pyrus communis</i>) and Asian pear (<i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>). Four different extracts were obtained from all raw materials and were investigated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The content of total phenolics and flavonoids was measured using colorimetric methods, and antiradical activity was measured using DPPH and ABTS radical probes. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was measured using the disc diffusion method, and the amount of major antimicrobial components (hydroquinone and arbutin) was measured using the HPLC method. The highest amount of general phenols and flavonoids was found in ethyl acetate extracts in all cultivars, and the lowest amount of phenols was found in the remaining aqueous solution. The amount of general phenols positively correlated with the antiradical activity of extracts. The strongest antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens corresponded to the highest content of hydroquinone and arbutin in ethyl acetate extracts. Extracts obtained from pear leaves showed an average content of phenolic compounds and average antiradical activity compared to extracts from other raw materials, especially green tea or bergenia leaves. The amount of hydroquinone was moderate, lower than that of arbutin. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was moderate due to the average amount of hydroquinone, which is the main antimicrobial compound.
format Article
id doaj-art-19bf84724d904d4a8d83d1cbff6ff776
institution Kabale University
issn 2218-273X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biomolecules
spelling doaj-art-19bf84724d904d4a8d83d1cbff6ff7762025-08-20T03:27:29ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-06-0115682110.3390/biom15060821Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>Beata Żbikowska0Magdalena Kotowska1Andrzej Gamian2Katarzyna Patek3Katarzyna Matuła4Daria Augustyniak5Kamila Korzekwa6Zbigniew Sroka7Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, PolandLaboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, PolandFaculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, PolandFaculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wroclaw, S. Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, S. Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, PolandCertain plant raw materials are rich in antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds, which are highly valued in modern medicine. These include the leaves of various species and cultivars of pears. For our research, we chose the leaves of the common pear (<i>Pyrus communis</i>) and Asian pear (<i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>). Four different extracts were obtained from all raw materials and were investigated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The content of total phenolics and flavonoids was measured using colorimetric methods, and antiradical activity was measured using DPPH and ABTS radical probes. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was measured using the disc diffusion method, and the amount of major antimicrobial components (hydroquinone and arbutin) was measured using the HPLC method. The highest amount of general phenols and flavonoids was found in ethyl acetate extracts in all cultivars, and the lowest amount of phenols was found in the remaining aqueous solution. The amount of general phenols positively correlated with the antiradical activity of extracts. The strongest antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens corresponded to the highest content of hydroquinone and arbutin in ethyl acetate extracts. Extracts obtained from pear leaves showed an average content of phenolic compounds and average antiradical activity compared to extracts from other raw materials, especially green tea or bergenia leaves. The amount of hydroquinone was moderate, lower than that of arbutin. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was moderate due to the average amount of hydroquinone, which is the main antimicrobial compound.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/6/821pear leaf extractsarbutinhydroquinonephenolic compoundsantibacterial activityantioxidant activity
spellingShingle Beata Żbikowska
Magdalena Kotowska
Andrzej Gamian
Katarzyna Patek
Katarzyna Matuła
Daria Augustyniak
Kamila Korzekwa
Zbigniew Sroka
Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>
Biomolecules
pear leaf extracts
arbutin
hydroquinone
phenolic compounds
antibacterial activity
antioxidant activity
title Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>
title_full Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>
title_fullStr Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>
title_short Antimicrobial and Antiradical Activity of Extracts from Leaves of Various Cultivars of <i>Pyrus communis</i> and <i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>
title_sort antimicrobial and antiradical activity of extracts from leaves of various cultivars of i pyrus communis i and i pyrus pyrifolia i
topic pear leaf extracts
arbutin
hydroquinone
phenolic compounds
antibacterial activity
antioxidant activity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/6/821
work_keys_str_mv AT beatazbikowska antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT magdalenakotowska antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT andrzejgamian antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT katarzynapatek antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT katarzynamatuła antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT dariaaugustyniak antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT kamilakorzekwa antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai
AT zbigniewsroka antimicrobialandantiradicalactivityofextractsfromleavesofvariouscultivarsofipyruscommunisiandipyruspyrifoliai