Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study
Introduction: The use of electrical appliances using extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) has increased in the past few years. These ELF MF are reported to be linked to several adverse health effects. However, only a couple of studies have been conducted on the association betw...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Shabana Noori Abdul Aleem Imrana Niaz Sultan Afrasiab Khan Tareen Hayat Ullah Muhammad Waseem Khan |
| author_facet | Shabana Noori Abdul Aleem Imrana Niaz Sultan Afrasiab Khan Tareen Hayat Ullah Muhammad Waseem Khan |
| author_sort | Shabana Noori |
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| description | Introduction: The use of electrical appliances using extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) has increased in the past few years. These ELF MF are reported to be linked to several adverse health effects. However, only a couple of studies have been conducted on the association between risk of tumours and use of electronic devices using low frequency (LF) EMF. Methods: We studied the use of common household electrical appliances and suspected risk of tumours in a multi-hospital-based case-control study. In total, 316 patients were included in the final analysis. Results: The study results showed a below unity risk for most of the devices. A slight increased risk of tumour was observed for computer screen use OR: 1.13 (95% CI: 0.43–3.02) and use of microwave oven OR: 1.21 (95% CI: 0.36–4.04). We also had chance to investigate ELF MFs exposure association with tumour. Where we observed elevated odd ratios in individuals living near electricity transformer stations, with a statistically significant risk OR: 2.16 (95% CI: 1.30–3.59). However, the risk was below unity (OR: 0.98) in individuals residing close to powerlines. Conclusion: The current study serves as a pilot study of primary data and will be helpful in future epidemiological research studies on the topic in the region. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-19a677693f3845e28d064eb7b78ed57a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3271 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-19a677693f3845e28d064eb7b78ed57a2025-08-20T03:27:28ZengMDPI AGMedical Sciences2076-32712025-04-011323610.3390/medsci13020036Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control StudyShabana Noori0Abdul Aleem1Imrana Niaz Sultan2Afrasiab Khan Tareen3Hayat Ullah4Muhammad Waseem Khan5Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, PakistanDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, PakistanBiological Engineering, College of Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USADepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, PakistanIntroduction: The use of electrical appliances using extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) has increased in the past few years. These ELF MF are reported to be linked to several adverse health effects. However, only a couple of studies have been conducted on the association between risk of tumours and use of electronic devices using low frequency (LF) EMF. Methods: We studied the use of common household electrical appliances and suspected risk of tumours in a multi-hospital-based case-control study. In total, 316 patients were included in the final analysis. Results: The study results showed a below unity risk for most of the devices. A slight increased risk of tumour was observed for computer screen use OR: 1.13 (95% CI: 0.43–3.02) and use of microwave oven OR: 1.21 (95% CI: 0.36–4.04). We also had chance to investigate ELF MFs exposure association with tumour. Where we observed elevated odd ratios in individuals living near electricity transformer stations, with a statistically significant risk OR: 2.16 (95% CI: 1.30–3.59). However, the risk was below unity (OR: 0.98) in individuals residing close to powerlines. Conclusion: The current study serves as a pilot study of primary data and will be helpful in future epidemiological research studies on the topic in the region.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/13/2/36extremely low frequencyelectromagnetic fieldhousehold electrical appliancespowerlinescancers |
| spellingShingle | Shabana Noori Abdul Aleem Imrana Niaz Sultan Afrasiab Khan Tareen Hayat Ullah Muhammad Waseem Khan Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study Medical Sciences extremely low frequency electromagnetic field household electrical appliances powerlines cancers |
| title | Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Use of Electrical Household Appliances and Risk of All Types of Tumours: A Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | use of electrical household appliances and risk of all types of tumours a case control study |
| topic | extremely low frequency electromagnetic field household electrical appliances powerlines cancers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/13/2/36 |
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