The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip
Abstract Programmable photonic integrated circuits represent an emerging technology that amalgamates photonics and electronics, paving the way for light-based information processing at high speeds and low power consumption. Programmable photonics provides a flexible platform that can be reconfigured...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60700-8 |
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| author | Kevin Zelaya Matthew Markowitz Mohammad-Ali Miri |
| author_facet | Kevin Zelaya Matthew Markowitz Mohammad-Ali Miri |
| author_sort | Kevin Zelaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Programmable photonic integrated circuits represent an emerging technology that amalgamates photonics and electronics, paving the way for light-based information processing at high speeds and low power consumption. Programmable photonics provides a flexible platform that can be reconfigured to perform multiple tasks, thereby holding great promise for revolutionizing future optical networks and quantum computing systems. Over the past decade, there has been constant progress in developing several different architectures for realizing programmable photonic circuits that allow for realizing arbitrary discrete unitary operations with light. Here, we systematically investigate a general family of photonic circuits for realizing arbitrary unitaries based on a simple architecture that interlaces a fixed intervening layer with programmable phase shifter layers. We introduce a criterion for the intervening operator that guarantees the universality of this architecture for representing arbitrary $$N \times N$$ N × N unitary operators with $$N+1$$ N + 1 phase layers. We explore this criterion for different photonic components, including photonic waveguide lattices and meshes of directional couplers, which allows the identification of several families of photonic components that can serve as the intervening layers in the interlacing architecture. Our findings pave the way for efficiently designing and realizing novel families of programmable photonic integrated circuits for multipurpose analog information processing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1995e8240cd54e858722d95361663181 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-1995e8240cd54e858722d953616631812025-08-20T02:33:31ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-05-0114111310.1038/s41598-024-60700-8The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chipKevin Zelaya0Matthew Markowitz1Mohammad-Ali Miri2Department of Physics, Queens College of the City University of New YorkDepartment of Physics, Queens College of the City University of New YorkDepartment of Physics, Queens College of the City University of New YorkAbstract Programmable photonic integrated circuits represent an emerging technology that amalgamates photonics and electronics, paving the way for light-based information processing at high speeds and low power consumption. Programmable photonics provides a flexible platform that can be reconfigured to perform multiple tasks, thereby holding great promise for revolutionizing future optical networks and quantum computing systems. Over the past decade, there has been constant progress in developing several different architectures for realizing programmable photonic circuits that allow for realizing arbitrary discrete unitary operations with light. Here, we systematically investigate a general family of photonic circuits for realizing arbitrary unitaries based on a simple architecture that interlaces a fixed intervening layer with programmable phase shifter layers. We introduce a criterion for the intervening operator that guarantees the universality of this architecture for representing arbitrary $$N \times N$$ N × N unitary operators with $$N+1$$ N + 1 phase layers. We explore this criterion for different photonic components, including photonic waveguide lattices and meshes of directional couplers, which allows the identification of several families of photonic components that can serve as the intervening layers in the interlacing architecture. Our findings pave the way for efficiently designing and realizing novel families of programmable photonic integrated circuits for multipurpose analog information processing.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60700-8On-chip photonic unitUnitary programmable unitRandom matricesWaveguide arraysCoupled mode theoryInterlaced architectures |
| spellingShingle | Kevin Zelaya Matthew Markowitz Mohammad-Ali Miri The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip Scientific Reports On-chip photonic unit Unitary programmable unit Random matrices Waveguide arrays Coupled mode theory Interlaced architectures |
| title | The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip |
| title_full | The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip |
| title_fullStr | The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip |
| title_short | The Goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip |
| title_sort | goldilocks principle of learning unitaries by interlacing fixed operators with programmable phase shifters on a photonic chip |
| topic | On-chip photonic unit Unitary programmable unit Random matrices Waveguide arrays Coupled mode theory Interlaced architectures |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60700-8 |
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