THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM

Aim of the study: Honey has been historically recognized as a traditional therapeutic agent for microbial infections due to its biologically active compounds, which confer antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aims to chemically characterize and evaluate the antimi...

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Main Authors: Alexandru Nan, Marioara Nicoleta Caraba, Daniela Puscasiu, Cristian Sebastian Vlad, Laria-Maria Trusculescu, Ion Valeriu Caraba, Matin Asad Salehi, Gabi Dumitrescu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Romanian Society of Oral Rehabilitation 2025-06-01
Series:Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
Online Access:https://rjor.ro/the-effect-of-linden-honey-of-oral-microbiom-and-biofilm/
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author Alexandru Nan
Marioara Nicoleta Caraba
Daniela Puscasiu
Cristian Sebastian Vlad
Laria-Maria Trusculescu
Ion Valeriu Caraba
Matin Asad Salehi
Gabi Dumitrescu
author_facet Alexandru Nan
Marioara Nicoleta Caraba
Daniela Puscasiu
Cristian Sebastian Vlad
Laria-Maria Trusculescu
Ion Valeriu Caraba
Matin Asad Salehi
Gabi Dumitrescu
author_sort Alexandru Nan
collection DOAJ
description Aim of the study: Honey has been historically recognized as a traditional therapeutic agent for microbial infections due to its biologically active compounds, which confer antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aims to chemically characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of linden honey sourced from an ecological apiary in western Romania. Materials and methods: Physico-chemical analyses were conducted to determine key parameters, including impurity levels, water content, acidity, pH, and reducing sugar concentration, all of which were found to be within the established regulatory standards. The total phenolic content was assessed to confirm the antioxidant properties of the honey. Microbiological evaluations were performed to determine inhibition rates and biofilm formation inhibition capacity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, including standard strains and those isolated from patients. The anti-biofilm potential was assessed using 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), while anti-biofilm activity was quantified via the crystal violet assay. Results: The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects of linden honey were observed across all tested bacterial strains, with variations depending on the honey concentration and bacterial type. The honey exhibited both bacteriostatic and bacteriolytic effects, influenced by concentration and bacterial susceptibility. Notably, the antibacterial efficacy differed when tested on standardized bacterial strains, patient-isolated strains, and antibiotic-resistant strains. Conclusions: The chemical composition of linden honey played a significant role in determining its antimicrobial and anti-biofilm efficacy. The findings support the potential of linden honey as a natural antimicrobial agent, with its effects being concentration-dependent and influenced by bacterial strain characteristics. These results contribute to the growing body of research on the therapeutic applications of honey in combating bacterial infections and biofilm formation.
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spelling doaj-art-195348d1e7fa4d9d991b2f7a16d5e2502025-08-20T04:01:57ZengRomanian Society of Oral RehabilitationRomanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation2066-70002601-46612025-06-01172415110.62610/RJOR.2025.2.17.3THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILMAlexandru Nan0Marioara Nicoleta Caraba1Daniela Puscasiu2Cristian Sebastian Vlad3Laria-Maria Trusculescu4Ion Valeriu Caraba5Matin Asad Salehi6Gabi Dumitrescu7Doctoral School “Engineering of Vegetable and Animal Resources”, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from TimişoaraCellular and Molecular Biology Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of TimisoaraCellular and Molecular Biology Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara"Biochemistry and Pharmacology Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara""Department of Management and Communication in Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara""Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara"Doctoral School of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Bv., 300041, Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from TimisoaraAim of the study: Honey has been historically recognized as a traditional therapeutic agent for microbial infections due to its biologically active compounds, which confer antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aims to chemically characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of linden honey sourced from an ecological apiary in western Romania. Materials and methods: Physico-chemical analyses were conducted to determine key parameters, including impurity levels, water content, acidity, pH, and reducing sugar concentration, all of which were found to be within the established regulatory standards. The total phenolic content was assessed to confirm the antioxidant properties of the honey. Microbiological evaluations were performed to determine inhibition rates and biofilm formation inhibition capacity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, including standard strains and those isolated from patients. The anti-biofilm potential was assessed using 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), while anti-biofilm activity was quantified via the crystal violet assay. Results: The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects of linden honey were observed across all tested bacterial strains, with variations depending on the honey concentration and bacterial type. The honey exhibited both bacteriostatic and bacteriolytic effects, influenced by concentration and bacterial susceptibility. Notably, the antibacterial efficacy differed when tested on standardized bacterial strains, patient-isolated strains, and antibiotic-resistant strains. Conclusions: The chemical composition of linden honey played a significant role in determining its antimicrobial and anti-biofilm efficacy. The findings support the potential of linden honey as a natural antimicrobial agent, with its effects being concentration-dependent and influenced by bacterial strain characteristics. These results contribute to the growing body of research on the therapeutic applications of honey in combating bacterial infections and biofilm formation. https://rjor.ro/the-effect-of-linden-honey-of-oral-microbiom-and-biofilm/
spellingShingle Alexandru Nan
Marioara Nicoleta Caraba
Daniela Puscasiu
Cristian Sebastian Vlad
Laria-Maria Trusculescu
Ion Valeriu Caraba
Matin Asad Salehi
Gabi Dumitrescu
THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
title THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM
title_full THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM
title_fullStr THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM
title_full_unstemmed THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM
title_short THE EFFECT OF LINDEN HONEY OF ORAL MICROBIOM AND BIOFILM
title_sort effect of linden honey of oral microbiom and biofilm
url https://rjor.ro/the-effect-of-linden-honey-of-oral-microbiom-and-biofilm/
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