Genome editing in cultured fishes

Abstract With external fertilization, high fecundity, and established methods for propagation and larval rearing for cultured species, fish provide systems well suited to genome-editing procedures. While early experiments utilized zinc-finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucle...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Eric Hallerman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: CABI 2021-12-01
Series:CABI Agriculture and Bioscience
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00066-3
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832573949748183040
author Eric Hallerman
author_facet Eric Hallerman
author_sort Eric Hallerman
collection DOAJ
description Abstract With external fertilization, high fecundity, and established methods for propagation and larval rearing for cultured species, fish provide systems well suited to genome-editing procedures. While early experiments utilized zinc-finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), most recent ones have used the CRISPR/Cas9 editor, and achieved rates of targeted genomic insertion well above those of classical transgenic methods, with lower frequencies of off-site integration. Genome-editing experiments with cultured fishes have focused on improving growth rate and disease resistance, achievement of reproductive confinement, and other valued traits. As reviewed here, advances in knowledge of key molecular pathways and, in some cases, favorable alterations of phenotype have been achieved. For example, loss-of-function of myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle growth, led to increased muscle mass, greater weight, and greater fillet yield in genome-edited lines of red sea bream, tiger puffer, and Nile tilapia than in their unedited counterparts. The red sea bream line become the first genome-edited animal to reach commercial production. As for all animals, wide adoption of genome-edited fishes will depend upon addressing issues of regulation, consumer acceptance, and breeding infrastructure.
format Article
id doaj-art-1932cdf1bb094387ae88ba275b8cc1e9
institution Kabale University
issn 2662-4044
language English
publishDate 2021-12-01
publisher CABI
record_format Article
series CABI Agriculture and Bioscience
spelling doaj-art-1932cdf1bb094387ae88ba275b8cc1e92025-02-02T01:33:54ZengCABICABI Agriculture and Bioscience2662-40442021-12-012111910.1186/s43170-021-00066-3Genome editing in cultured fishesEric Hallerman0Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityAbstract With external fertilization, high fecundity, and established methods for propagation and larval rearing for cultured species, fish provide systems well suited to genome-editing procedures. While early experiments utilized zinc-finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), most recent ones have used the CRISPR/Cas9 editor, and achieved rates of targeted genomic insertion well above those of classical transgenic methods, with lower frequencies of off-site integration. Genome-editing experiments with cultured fishes have focused on improving growth rate and disease resistance, achievement of reproductive confinement, and other valued traits. As reviewed here, advances in knowledge of key molecular pathways and, in some cases, favorable alterations of phenotype have been achieved. For example, loss-of-function of myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle growth, led to increased muscle mass, greater weight, and greater fillet yield in genome-edited lines of red sea bream, tiger puffer, and Nile tilapia than in their unedited counterparts. The red sea bream line become the first genome-edited animal to reach commercial production. As for all animals, wide adoption of genome-edited fishes will depend upon addressing issues of regulation, consumer acceptance, and breeding infrastructure.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00066-3AquacultureGrowth promotionDisease resistanceReproductive confinementCRISPR/Cas9
spellingShingle Eric Hallerman
Genome editing in cultured fishes
CABI Agriculture and Bioscience
Aquaculture
Growth promotion
Disease resistance
Reproductive confinement
CRISPR/Cas9
title Genome editing in cultured fishes
title_full Genome editing in cultured fishes
title_fullStr Genome editing in cultured fishes
title_full_unstemmed Genome editing in cultured fishes
title_short Genome editing in cultured fishes
title_sort genome editing in cultured fishes
topic Aquaculture
Growth promotion
Disease resistance
Reproductive confinement
CRISPR/Cas9
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00066-3
work_keys_str_mv AT erichallerman genomeeditinginculturedfishes