Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial
Abstract Background Physical exercise is crucial in type 2 diabetes management (T2D), and training in the aquatic environment seems to be a promising alternative due to its physical properties and metabolic, functional, cardiovascular, and neuromuscular benefits. Research on combined training in aqu...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08660-2 |
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| author | Larissa dos Santos Leonel Ingrid Alessandra Victoria Wolin Angélica Danielevicz Mabel Diesel Marina Isolde Constantini João Batista de Oliveira Junior Allana Andrade Souza Thaís Reichert João Gabriel Silveira-Rodrigues Danusa Dias Soares Marcelo Fernando Ronsoni Simone Van De Sande Lee Alex Rafacho Guilherme Fleury Fina Speretta Karla Siqueira Lottermann Josefina Bertoli Alexandre Pastoris Muller Aline Mendes Gerage Cíntia de La Rocha Freitas Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti |
| author_facet | Larissa dos Santos Leonel Ingrid Alessandra Victoria Wolin Angélica Danielevicz Mabel Diesel Marina Isolde Constantini João Batista de Oliveira Junior Allana Andrade Souza Thaís Reichert João Gabriel Silveira-Rodrigues Danusa Dias Soares Marcelo Fernando Ronsoni Simone Van De Sande Lee Alex Rafacho Guilherme Fleury Fina Speretta Karla Siqueira Lottermann Josefina Bertoli Alexandre Pastoris Muller Aline Mendes Gerage Cíntia de La Rocha Freitas Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti |
| author_sort | Larissa dos Santos Leonel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Physical exercise is crucial in type 2 diabetes management (T2D), and training in the aquatic environment seems to be a promising alternative due to its physical properties and metabolic, functional, cardiovascular, and neuromuscular benefits. Research on combined training in aquatic and dry-land training environments is scarce, especially in long-term interventions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of combined training in both environments on health outcomes related to the management of T2D patients. Methods This is a randomized, unicentric, single-blinded, comparator clinical trial with two parallel arms. Participants with T2D, of both sexes, aged at 45 to 80 years old, will be randomized into two groups (aquatic combined training (AQUA) and dry-land combined training (LAND)), both performing combined aerobic and resistance training three times a week on alternate days for 24 weeks. Aerobic training will be performed using continuous and pyramidal methods, with linear exercise intensity and duration progression. Intensity will be prescribed by rated effort perception (Borg scale 6 to 20). Resistance training will be performed using exercise for the trunk, upper and lower limbs maximum speed, and target repetition zone in aquatic and dry-land environments, respectively, using multiple sets in a linear dosage progression. Before, at 12 weeks, and after the 24 weeks of training, biochemical analyses, functional capacity, maximum muscle strength, body composition assessments, cardiovascular measures, and the administration of questionnaires to assess mental, cognitive, sleep quality, and quality of life will be conducted. Throughout the 24 weeks, the training load date and acute capillary glucose and blood pressure measurements will also be conducted. The data will be analyzed using the SPSS (29.0) statistical package, using a significance level of 0.05. For intra- and inter-group comparisons, generalized estimating equations will be applied and analyzed by intention-to-treat and per-protocol adopting the Bonferroni post hoc test. Discussion The obtained results may provide insights to enhance understanding of the benefits of the aquatic and dry-land environment on various health outcomes, as well as acute aspects and safety considerations of the training. Moreover, this could support the development of intervention strategies to optimize the T2D management. Trial registration Brazilian Clinical Trial Registry (ReBEC) RBR-10fwqmfy. Registered on April 16, 2024. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-192cdf0de80e48f6b482fca89ce20efd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1745-6215 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Trials |
| spelling | doaj-art-192cdf0de80e48f6b482fca89ce20efd2025-01-26T12:51:12ZengBMCTrials1745-62152025-01-0126111410.1186/s13063-024-08660-2Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trialLarissa dos Santos Leonel0Ingrid Alessandra Victoria Wolin1Angélica Danielevicz2Mabel Diesel3Marina Isolde Constantini4João Batista de Oliveira Junior5Allana Andrade Souza6Thaís Reichert7João Gabriel Silveira-Rodrigues8Danusa Dias Soares9Marcelo Fernando Ronsoni10Simone Van De Sande Lee11Alex Rafacho12Guilherme Fleury Fina Speretta13Karla Siqueira Lottermann14Josefina Bertoli15Alexandre Pastoris Muller16Aline Mendes Gerage17Cíntia de La Rocha Freitas18Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti19Department of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, University Campus Jardim das AméricasDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Minas Gerais, University CampusDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Minas Gerais, University CampusDepartment of Medical Clinical, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, TrindadeDepartment of Medical Clinical, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, TrindadeDepartment of Biochemistry, University Campus, TrindadeDepartment of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University CampusDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Biochemistry, University Campus, TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus TrindadeAbstract Background Physical exercise is crucial in type 2 diabetes management (T2D), and training in the aquatic environment seems to be a promising alternative due to its physical properties and metabolic, functional, cardiovascular, and neuromuscular benefits. Research on combined training in aquatic and dry-land training environments is scarce, especially in long-term interventions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of combined training in both environments on health outcomes related to the management of T2D patients. Methods This is a randomized, unicentric, single-blinded, comparator clinical trial with two parallel arms. Participants with T2D, of both sexes, aged at 45 to 80 years old, will be randomized into two groups (aquatic combined training (AQUA) and dry-land combined training (LAND)), both performing combined aerobic and resistance training three times a week on alternate days for 24 weeks. Aerobic training will be performed using continuous and pyramidal methods, with linear exercise intensity and duration progression. Intensity will be prescribed by rated effort perception (Borg scale 6 to 20). Resistance training will be performed using exercise for the trunk, upper and lower limbs maximum speed, and target repetition zone in aquatic and dry-land environments, respectively, using multiple sets in a linear dosage progression. Before, at 12 weeks, and after the 24 weeks of training, biochemical analyses, functional capacity, maximum muscle strength, body composition assessments, cardiovascular measures, and the administration of questionnaires to assess mental, cognitive, sleep quality, and quality of life will be conducted. Throughout the 24 weeks, the training load date and acute capillary glucose and blood pressure measurements will also be conducted. The data will be analyzed using the SPSS (29.0) statistical package, using a significance level of 0.05. For intra- and inter-group comparisons, generalized estimating equations will be applied and analyzed by intention-to-treat and per-protocol adopting the Bonferroni post hoc test. Discussion The obtained results may provide insights to enhance understanding of the benefits of the aquatic and dry-land environment on various health outcomes, as well as acute aspects and safety considerations of the training. Moreover, this could support the development of intervention strategies to optimize the T2D management. Trial registration Brazilian Clinical Trial Registry (ReBEC) RBR-10fwqmfy. Registered on April 16, 2024.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08660-2ExerciseMetabolismDiabetesGlycated hemoglobinInflammationAquatic training |
| spellingShingle | Larissa dos Santos Leonel Ingrid Alessandra Victoria Wolin Angélica Danielevicz Mabel Diesel Marina Isolde Constantini João Batista de Oliveira Junior Allana Andrade Souza Thaís Reichert João Gabriel Silveira-Rodrigues Danusa Dias Soares Marcelo Fernando Ronsoni Simone Van De Sande Lee Alex Rafacho Guilherme Fleury Fina Speretta Karla Siqueira Lottermann Josefina Bertoli Alexandre Pastoris Muller Aline Mendes Gerage Cíntia de La Rocha Freitas Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial Trials Exercise Metabolism Diabetes Glycated hemoglobin Inflammation Aquatic training |
| title | Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial |
| title_full | Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial |
| title_fullStr | Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial |
| title_short | Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial |
| title_sort | twenty four weeks of combined training in different environments aquatic and land in the type 2 diabetes management aquatic and land exercise for diabetes aled protocol of a randomized clinical trial |
| topic | Exercise Metabolism Diabetes Glycated hemoglobin Inflammation Aquatic training |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08660-2 |
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