The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review

This review aims to examine the functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from animal and human immune cells, with a focus on their roles in immunomodulation and therapeutic potential. It highlights their dual effects in infection and autoimmunity, cancer treatment, inflammatory conditio...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Joseph Bagi Suleiman, Norhayati Liaqat Ali Khan, Maryam Azlan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=241547
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849419760391946240
author Joseph Bagi Suleiman
Norhayati Liaqat Ali Khan
Maryam Azlan
author_facet Joseph Bagi Suleiman
Norhayati Liaqat Ali Khan
Maryam Azlan
author_sort Joseph Bagi Suleiman
collection DOAJ
description This review aims to examine the functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from animal and human immune cells, with a focus on their roles in immunomodulation and therapeutic potential. It highlights their dual effects in infection and autoimmunity, cancer treatment, inflammatory conditions, and regenerative medicine while also addressing the challenges in standardizing EV production, isolation, and characterization for clinical applications. This review highlights the need for robust protocols to advance EV-based therapies. It also synthesizes current literature on immune cell-derived EVs, with a focus on their mechanisms of action in intercellular communication, immune modulation, and therapeutic delivery. Additionally, it examines studies that explore the regenerative potential of immune cell-derived EVs and discusses the technical and methodological challenges involved in EV research and clinical translation. EVs from immune cells can either boost or reduce immune responses in tumor therapy, which greatly affects how cancer develops and how well treatments work. These EVs also show promise in managing inflammatory diseases through immune modulation and targeted therapeutic delivery. Furthermore, immune cell-derived EVs possess regenerative properties, contributing to tissue repair and the maintenance of homeostasis. Despite these promising roles, challenges related to the standardization of EV production, isolation, and characterization continue to impede clinical translation, for improved protocols to ensure reproducibility and scalability. Immune cell-derived EVs possess substantial therapeutic potential in cancer treatment, inflammatory diseases, and regenerative medicine. These tiny membrane-bound particles, naturally released by immune cells, carry bioactive molecules that can modulate immune responses, suppress tumor growth, or promote tissue repair. However, before these therapies can be widely used in clinics, key challenges must be addressed, particularly in standardizing their production, characterization, and quality control. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2025; 12(2.000): 497-515]
format Article
id doaj-art-190e29089a3b41ffaf4ed0775cddd1b2
institution Kabale University
issn 2311-7710
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh
record_format Article
series Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research
spelling doaj-art-190e29089a3b41ffaf4ed0775cddd1b22025-08-20T03:31:59ZengNetwork for the Veterinarians of BangladeshJournal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research2311-77102025-04-0112249751510.5455/javar.2025.l915241547The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic reviewJoseph Bagi Suleiman0Norhayati Liaqat Ali Khan1Maryam Azlan2School of Health Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia. & Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Nigeria Centre for Preclinical Science Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Malaysia. & Cardiovascular Advancement and Research Excellence Institute (CARE Institute), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia School of Health Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.This review aims to examine the functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from animal and human immune cells, with a focus on their roles in immunomodulation and therapeutic potential. It highlights their dual effects in infection and autoimmunity, cancer treatment, inflammatory conditions, and regenerative medicine while also addressing the challenges in standardizing EV production, isolation, and characterization for clinical applications. This review highlights the need for robust protocols to advance EV-based therapies. It also synthesizes current literature on immune cell-derived EVs, with a focus on their mechanisms of action in intercellular communication, immune modulation, and therapeutic delivery. Additionally, it examines studies that explore the regenerative potential of immune cell-derived EVs and discusses the technical and methodological challenges involved in EV research and clinical translation. EVs from immune cells can either boost or reduce immune responses in tumor therapy, which greatly affects how cancer develops and how well treatments work. These EVs also show promise in managing inflammatory diseases through immune modulation and targeted therapeutic delivery. Furthermore, immune cell-derived EVs possess regenerative properties, contributing to tissue repair and the maintenance of homeostasis. Despite these promising roles, challenges related to the standardization of EV production, isolation, and characterization continue to impede clinical translation, for improved protocols to ensure reproducibility and scalability. Immune cell-derived EVs possess substantial therapeutic potential in cancer treatment, inflammatory diseases, and regenerative medicine. These tiny membrane-bound particles, naturally released by immune cells, carry bioactive molecules that can modulate immune responses, suppress tumor growth, or promote tissue repair. However, before these therapies can be widely used in clinics, key challenges must be addressed, particularly in standardizing their production, characterization, and quality control. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2025; 12(2.000): 497-515]http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=241547b cell; extracellular vesicles; immune cells; monocyte; neutrophil; t cell
spellingShingle Joseph Bagi Suleiman
Norhayati Liaqat Ali Khan
Maryam Azlan
The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review
Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research
b cell; extracellular vesicles; immune cells; monocyte; neutrophil; t cell
title The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review
title_full The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review
title_fullStr The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review
title_short The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review
title_sort dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells a systematic review
topic b cell; extracellular vesicles; immune cells; monocyte; neutrophil; t cell
url http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=241547
work_keys_str_mv AT josephbagisuleiman thedualroleofextracellularvesiclesderivedfromanimalandhumanimmunecellsasystematicreview
AT norhayatiliaqatalikhan thedualroleofextracellularvesiclesderivedfromanimalandhumanimmunecellsasystematicreview
AT maryamazlan thedualroleofextracellularvesiclesderivedfromanimalandhumanimmunecellsasystematicreview
AT josephbagisuleiman dualroleofextracellularvesiclesderivedfromanimalandhumanimmunecellsasystematicreview
AT norhayatiliaqatalikhan dualroleofextracellularvesiclesderivedfromanimalandhumanimmunecellsasystematicreview
AT maryamazlan dualroleofextracellularvesiclesderivedfromanimalandhumanimmunecellsasystematicreview