Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study
Introduction: Schistosoma (S.) haematobium is the aetiological agent of urogenital schistosomiasis endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Microhaematuria is strongly associated with schistosomiasis diagnosis. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the treatment of choice. Methodology: We conducted a...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2022-08-01
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| author | Nicholas Geremia Andrea De Vito Vincenzo Lai Vito Fiore Elija Princic Paola Rappelli Giordano Madeddu Sergio Babudieri |
| author_facet | Nicholas Geremia Andrea De Vito Vincenzo Lai Vito Fiore Elija Princic Paola Rappelli Giordano Madeddu Sergio Babudieri |
| author_sort | Nicholas Geremia |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction: Schistosoma (S.) haematobium is the aetiological agent of urogenital schistosomiasis endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Microhaematuria is strongly associated with schistosomiasis diagnosis. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the treatment of choice.
Methodology: We conducted a monocentric survey among African migrants from January 2017 to December 2018. The diagnosis of S. haematobium was performed by direct microscopic examination of urine. The treatment was PZQ 40 mg/Kg/die for three days.
Results: We enrolled 91 male patients with a median age of 20.2 years (IQR 18.9-23.4)]. Forty-five (49.5%) described a history of haematuria. Sixteen (17.6%) evidenced the presence of red blood cells (RBCs) during urine microscopy. Eighteen (19.8%) had urogenital schistosomiasis. Their median white blood count (WBC) was 5.15 x 109/L (IQR 4.45-6.08) and it was 6.37 x 109 /L (IQR 5.14-8.27), p = 0.009, after 15 days from treatment. Baseline eosinophil count was 0.5 x 109/L (IQR 0.3-0.6) and 0.7 x 109/L (IQR 0.2-1.9; p = 0.032). According to the univariate analysis, origin from Mali [odds ratio (OR) 3.6 (CI 1.2-10.9), p = 0.022] and microscopic evidence of RBCs [OR of 10.7 (CI 2.5-45.1), p = 0.001] were main predictors of urogenital schistosomiasis diagnosis. One (5.6%) treatment failure was registered. Three (16.7%) patients had bladder cancer.
Conclusions: Detection of RBCs was a significant predictor of S. haematobium infection and could be used as a screening method in migrants coming from endemic areas. Early urogenital schistosomiasis diagnosis and ultrasound diagnostic tools are crucial for reducing the risk of potential neoplastic evolution.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-18e277afa3df4b06ac0f619cbca8896d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-18e277afa3df4b06ac0f619cbca8896d2025-08-20T02:57:13ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802022-08-01160810.3855/jidc.15492Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric studyNicholas Geremia0Andrea De Vito1Vincenzo Lai2Vito Fiore3Elija Princic4Paola Rappelli5Giordano Madeddu6Sergio Babudieri7Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyMediterranean Center for Disease Control (MCDC), University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy Introduction: Schistosoma (S.) haematobium is the aetiological agent of urogenital schistosomiasis endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Microhaematuria is strongly associated with schistosomiasis diagnosis. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the treatment of choice. Methodology: We conducted a monocentric survey among African migrants from January 2017 to December 2018. The diagnosis of S. haematobium was performed by direct microscopic examination of urine. The treatment was PZQ 40 mg/Kg/die for three days. Results: We enrolled 91 male patients with a median age of 20.2 years (IQR 18.9-23.4)]. Forty-five (49.5%) described a history of haematuria. Sixteen (17.6%) evidenced the presence of red blood cells (RBCs) during urine microscopy. Eighteen (19.8%) had urogenital schistosomiasis. Their median white blood count (WBC) was 5.15 x 109/L (IQR 4.45-6.08) and it was 6.37 x 109 /L (IQR 5.14-8.27), p = 0.009, after 15 days from treatment. Baseline eosinophil count was 0.5 x 109/L (IQR 0.3-0.6) and 0.7 x 109/L (IQR 0.2-1.9; p = 0.032). According to the univariate analysis, origin from Mali [odds ratio (OR) 3.6 (CI 1.2-10.9), p = 0.022] and microscopic evidence of RBCs [OR of 10.7 (CI 2.5-45.1), p = 0.001] were main predictors of urogenital schistosomiasis diagnosis. One (5.6%) treatment failure was registered. Three (16.7%) patients had bladder cancer. Conclusions: Detection of RBCs was a significant predictor of S. haematobium infection and could be used as a screening method in migrants coming from endemic areas. Early urogenital schistosomiasis diagnosis and ultrasound diagnostic tools are crucial for reducing the risk of potential neoplastic evolution. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15492Schistosomiasisneglected diseasesrefugeesmigrantspraziquantel |
| spellingShingle | Nicholas Geremia Andrea De Vito Vincenzo Lai Vito Fiore Elija Princic Paola Rappelli Giordano Madeddu Sergio Babudieri Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Schistosomiasis neglected diseases refugees migrants praziquantel |
| title | Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study |
| title_full | Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study |
| title_fullStr | Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study |
| title_short | Human urogenital schistosomiasis in West and Sub-Saharan Africa migrants in Sardinia, Italy: A retrospective monocentric study |
| title_sort | human urogenital schistosomiasis in west and sub saharan africa migrants in sardinia italy a retrospective monocentric study |
| topic | Schistosomiasis neglected diseases refugees migrants praziquantel |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15492 |
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