Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy
The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), poses a significant threat to Bt cotton cultivation in India due to field-level resistance against Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins. Existing pest management tactics have proven inadequate. To address this, homozygous susceptible (RR) m...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Biological Control |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104996442500132X |
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| author | Suresh R. Jambagi M. Mohan K. Muralimohan T. Venkatesan Satya Nand Sushil |
| author_facet | Suresh R. Jambagi M. Mohan K. Muralimohan T. Venkatesan Satya Nand Sushil |
| author_sort | Suresh R. Jambagi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), poses a significant threat to Bt cotton cultivation in India due to field-level resistance against Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins. Existing pest management tactics have proven inadequate. To address this, homozygous susceptible (RR) male moths were mass-reared in the laboratory and released into Bt Bollgard II® cotton fields. Success was enhanced by trapping and removing feral resistant males with pheromone traps prior to releasing susceptible males. The effectiveness was assessed using bioassays, resistance dilution genetics, fitness cost estimation, field validation, and gene expression analysis. Resistance dilution was evident in both laboratory back-cross progenies and field progenies from feral females mated with released susceptible males. Resistance was autosomal with recessive inheritance for both Cry toxins. In treated plots, boll damage and larval numbers were significantly reduced. Genes linked to Bt resistance, including PgCad1, PgABCA2, APN, and ABCG8, showed significant down regulation (−4.93, −2.63, −1.73, and −1.49 fold, respectively), indicating partial restoration of susceptibility in field-collected larvae following mating (Field-R ♀ × Lab-S ♂). These findings highlight the potential of mass-releasing susceptible males as an effective and sustainable strategy for managing Bt-resistant pink bollworm, providing an alternative to traditional insecticide-based approaches. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-18a897feb761419ca0cb8a6b89e39bb6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1049-9644 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biological Control |
| spelling | doaj-art-18a897feb761419ca0cb8a6b89e39bb62025-08-20T03:28:43ZengElsevierBiological Control1049-96442025-08-0120710582210.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105822Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategySuresh R. Jambagi0M. Mohan1K. Muralimohan2T. Venkatesan3Satya Nand Sushil4ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560024, India; University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India; Corresponding author at: ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560024, India.ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560024, India; Corresponding author.University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, IndiaICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560024, IndiaICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560024, IndiaThe pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), poses a significant threat to Bt cotton cultivation in India due to field-level resistance against Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins. Existing pest management tactics have proven inadequate. To address this, homozygous susceptible (RR) male moths were mass-reared in the laboratory and released into Bt Bollgard II® cotton fields. Success was enhanced by trapping and removing feral resistant males with pheromone traps prior to releasing susceptible males. The effectiveness was assessed using bioassays, resistance dilution genetics, fitness cost estimation, field validation, and gene expression analysis. Resistance dilution was evident in both laboratory back-cross progenies and field progenies from feral females mated with released susceptible males. Resistance was autosomal with recessive inheritance for both Cry toxins. In treated plots, boll damage and larval numbers were significantly reduced. Genes linked to Bt resistance, including PgCad1, PgABCA2, APN, and ABCG8, showed significant down regulation (−4.93, −2.63, −1.73, and −1.49 fold, respectively), indicating partial restoration of susceptibility in field-collected larvae following mating (Field-R ♀ × Lab-S ♂). These findings highlight the potential of mass-releasing susceptible males as an effective and sustainable strategy for managing Bt-resistant pink bollworm, providing an alternative to traditional insecticide-based approaches.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104996442500132XBt BGII cottonCry1AcCry2AbPink bollwormResistance dilution |
| spellingShingle | Suresh R. Jambagi M. Mohan K. Muralimohan T. Venkatesan Satya Nand Sushil Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy Biological Control Bt BGII cotton Cry1Ac Cry2Ab Pink bollworm Resistance dilution |
| title | Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy |
| title_full | Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy |
| title_fullStr | Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy |
| title_short | Mass release of susceptible males dilutes Bollgard II® Bt resistance in pink bollworm: A semi-field validated strategy |
| title_sort | mass release of susceptible males dilutes bollgard ii r bt resistance in pink bollworm a semi field validated strategy |
| topic | Bt BGII cotton Cry1Ac Cry2Ab Pink bollworm Resistance dilution |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104996442500132X |
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