Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy
Introduction: HIV-1 gp120 V3 GPGR motif has an essential role in viral invasion, cell fusion, and pathogenesis but presents a significant variability that can implicate neutralizing antibodies and antiretroviral drug resistance. Methods: We performed a comprehensive analysis based on 259,288 HIV-...
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Pasteur Institute of Iran
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
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| author | Luciano Rodrigo Lopes Antonio Carlos da Silva Junior Paulo Bandiera-Paiva Jorge Casseb |
| author_facet | Luciano Rodrigo Lopes Antonio Carlos da Silva Junior Paulo Bandiera-Paiva Jorge Casseb |
| author_sort | Luciano Rodrigo Lopes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: HIV-1 gp120 V3 GPGR motif has an essential role in viral
invasion, cell fusion, and pathogenesis but presents a significant variability that
can implicate neutralizing antibodies and antiretroviral drug resistance.
Methods: We performed a comprehensive analysis based on 259,288 HIV-1
gp120 amino acid sequences obtained from the Los Alamos National Laboratory
(LANL) HIV Sequence Database to infer the global distribution of V3
tetrapeptide motifs. We calculated the frequencies and presented the main
variants according to continents and countries. Furthermore, the clinical
importance of the most distributed V3 motifs was detailed. Results: Our results
showed GPGR and GPGQ as the most commonly found V3 motifs among more
than five hundred V3 variant motifs. Motifs with clinical implications are widely
distributed around the world. Within the most frequent V3 tetrapeptide motifs
set, some variants enable the escape from fusion inhibitor drugs and neutralizing
antibodies. Conclusion: Considering that an effective vaccine candidate should
elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies while fusion inhibitor drug interaction
requires conserved amino acids, the diversity of V3 motifs implicates a great
challenge in developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-18a41129aab74cd1bf0c7668663d0efc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2345-5349 2345-5330 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Pasteur Institute of Iran |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-18a41129aab74cd1bf0c7668663d0efc2025-08-20T02:55:31ZengPasteur Institute of IranJournal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2345-53492345-53302021-10-019310811510.52547/JoMMID.9.3.108Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral TherapyLuciano Rodrigo Lopes0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-2821Antonio Carlos da Silva Junior1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6316-8711Paulo Bandiera-Paiva2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9409-3970Jorge Casseb3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-2559Bioinformatics and Bio-Data Science Division, Health Informatics Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo– UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BrazilBioinformatics and Bio-Data Science Division, Health Informatics Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo– UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BrazilBioinformatics and Bio-Data Science Division, Health Informatics Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo– UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BrazilInstitute of Tropical Medicine of Sao Paulo - University of Sao Paulo, Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56 / Faculty of Medicine –USPIntroduction: HIV-1 gp120 V3 GPGR motif has an essential role in viral invasion, cell fusion, and pathogenesis but presents a significant variability that can implicate neutralizing antibodies and antiretroviral drug resistance. Methods: We performed a comprehensive analysis based on 259,288 HIV-1 gp120 amino acid sequences obtained from the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) HIV Sequence Database to infer the global distribution of V3 tetrapeptide motifs. We calculated the frequencies and presented the main variants according to continents and countries. Furthermore, the clinical importance of the most distributed V3 motifs was detailed. Results: Our results showed GPGR and GPGQ as the most commonly found V3 motifs among more than five hundred V3 variant motifs. Motifs with clinical implications are widely distributed around the world. Within the most frequent V3 tetrapeptide motifs set, some variants enable the escape from fusion inhibitor drugs and neutralizing antibodies. Conclusion: Considering that an effective vaccine candidate should elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies while fusion inhibitor drug interaction requires conserved amino acids, the diversity of V3 motifs implicates a great challenge in developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine.hiv-1gp120v3 loopgpgr motif |
| spellingShingle | Luciano Rodrigo Lopes Antonio Carlos da Silva Junior Paulo Bandiera-Paiva Jorge Casseb Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases hiv-1 gp120 v3 loop gpgr motif |
| title | Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_full | Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_short | Global Variability of V3 Loop Tetrapeptide Motif: a Concern for HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies-based Vaccine Design and Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_sort | global variability of v3 loop tetrapeptide motif a concern for hiv 1 neutralizing antibodies based vaccine design and antiretroviral therapy |
| topic | hiv-1 gp120 v3 loop gpgr motif |
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