Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes

Abstract The attraction between π-conjugated planar electron donor and acceptor molecules that form many stable charge-transfer (CT) complexes has been explained by quantum chemical CT interactions, although the fundamental origin remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the mechanism of CT complex for...

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Main Authors: Seiji Tsuzuki, Ryota Ono, Satoru Inoue, Satoshi Matsuoka, Tatsuo Hasegawa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Communications Chemistry
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-024-01329-6
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author Seiji Tsuzuki
Ryota Ono
Satoru Inoue
Satoshi Matsuoka
Tatsuo Hasegawa
author_facet Seiji Tsuzuki
Ryota Ono
Satoru Inoue
Satoshi Matsuoka
Tatsuo Hasegawa
author_sort Seiji Tsuzuki
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The attraction between π-conjugated planar electron donor and acceptor molecules that form many stable charge-transfer (CT) complexes has been explained by quantum chemical CT interactions, although the fundamental origin remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the mechanism of CT complex formation by potential energy map analysis for TTF–CA and BTBT–TCNQ, using energy decomposition of intermolecular interaction by symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) combined with coupled cluster calculation. We find that the source of attraction between donor and acceptor molecules is ascribed primarily to the dispersion force and also to the electrostatic force. In contrast, the contribution of CT interactions to the attractive forces is minimal. We demonstrate that the highly directional feature of the exchange repulsion force, coupled with the attractive dispersion and electrostatic forces, is crucial in determining the intermolecular arrangements of actual CT crystals. These findings are key for understanding the unique structural and electronic properties of π-conjugated CT complexes.
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institution Kabale University
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spelling doaj-art-18979544c2714b289bb94dd44c9ea72b2024-11-10T12:11:59ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Chemistry2399-36692024-11-017111110.1038/s42004-024-01329-6Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexesSeiji Tsuzuki0Ryota Ono1Satoru Inoue2Satoshi Matsuoka3Tatsuo Hasegawa4Department of Applied Physics, The University of TokyoDepartment of Applied Physics, The University of TokyoDepartment of Applied Physics, The University of TokyoDepartment of Applied Physics, The University of TokyoDepartment of Applied Physics, The University of TokyoAbstract The attraction between π-conjugated planar electron donor and acceptor molecules that form many stable charge-transfer (CT) complexes has been explained by quantum chemical CT interactions, although the fundamental origin remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the mechanism of CT complex formation by potential energy map analysis for TTF–CA and BTBT–TCNQ, using energy decomposition of intermolecular interaction by symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) combined with coupled cluster calculation. We find that the source of attraction between donor and acceptor molecules is ascribed primarily to the dispersion force and also to the electrostatic force. In contrast, the contribution of CT interactions to the attractive forces is minimal. We demonstrate that the highly directional feature of the exchange repulsion force, coupled with the attractive dispersion and electrostatic forces, is crucial in determining the intermolecular arrangements of actual CT crystals. These findings are key for understanding the unique structural and electronic properties of π-conjugated CT complexes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-024-01329-6
spellingShingle Seiji Tsuzuki
Ryota Ono
Satoru Inoue
Satoshi Matsuoka
Tatsuo Hasegawa
Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes
Communications Chemistry
title Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes
title_full Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes
title_fullStr Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes
title_full_unstemmed Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes
title_short Origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor–acceptor stacks in π-conjugated charge-transfer complexes
title_sort origin of the intermolecular forces that produce donor acceptor stacks in π conjugated charge transfer complexes
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-024-01329-6
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AT satoruinoue originoftheintermolecularforcesthatproducedonoracceptorstacksinpconjugatedchargetransfercomplexes
AT satoshimatsuoka originoftheintermolecularforcesthatproducedonoracceptorstacksinpconjugatedchargetransfercomplexes
AT tatsuohasegawa originoftheintermolecularforcesthatproducedonoracceptorstacksinpconjugatedchargetransfercomplexes