Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has experienced rapid development due to its non-invasive nature, convenience, and high patient compliance. Among the various NIBS techniques, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) are widely studied. The primary c...

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Main Authors: Tiechen Zhang, Xiaofeng Jing, Qiongfang Cao, Jie Yin, Xiechuan Weng, Fan Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Brain-Apparatus Communication
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27706710.2025.2482915
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author Tiechen Zhang
Xiaofeng Jing
Qiongfang Cao
Jie Yin
Xiechuan Weng
Fan Xu
author_facet Tiechen Zhang
Xiaofeng Jing
Qiongfang Cao
Jie Yin
Xiechuan Weng
Fan Xu
author_sort Tiechen Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has experienced rapid development due to its non-invasive nature, convenience, and high patient compliance. Among the various NIBS techniques, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) are widely studied. The primary classifications within these techniques are repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), respectively. TES is currently in a relatively early stage of clinical development compared to TMS. Although some effectiveness data have been observed in clinical practice, further data are needed to validate these findings. This review provides an overview of NIBS modalities, focusing specifically on rTMS and tDCS, their principles, possible mechanisms, and areas of application. Additionally, the safety considerations associated with these techniques are discussed. Finally, the future prospects for their applications are explored.
format Article
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institution OA Journals
issn 2770-6710
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publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Brain-Apparatus Communication
spelling doaj-art-1868b7c8afa348af9c99448812aaed552025-08-20T02:09:03ZengTaylor & Francis GroupBrain-Apparatus Communication2770-67102025-12-014110.1080/27706710.2025.2482915Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulbTiechen Zhang0Xiaofeng Jing1Qiongfang Cao2Jie Yin3Xiechuan Weng4Fan Xu5Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, ChinaNon-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has experienced rapid development due to its non-invasive nature, convenience, and high patient compliance. Among the various NIBS techniques, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) are widely studied. The primary classifications within these techniques are repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), respectively. TES is currently in a relatively early stage of clinical development compared to TMS. Although some effectiveness data have been observed in clinical practice, further data are needed to validate these findings. This review provides an overview of NIBS modalities, focusing specifically on rTMS and tDCS, their principles, possible mechanisms, and areas of application. Additionally, the safety considerations associated with these techniques are discussed. Finally, the future prospects for their applications are explored.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27706710.2025.2482915non-invasive stimulationtranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)transcranial electrical stimulation (TES)repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
spellingShingle Tiechen Zhang
Xiaofeng Jing
Qiongfang Cao
Jie Yin
Xiechuan Weng
Fan Xu
Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb
Brain-Apparatus Communication
non-invasive stimulation
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
transcranial electrical stimulation (TES)
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
title Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb
title_full Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb
title_fullStr Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb
title_full_unstemmed Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb
title_short Non-invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality’s bulb
title_sort non invasive brain stimulation lighting the human life quality s bulb
topic non-invasive stimulation
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
transcranial electrical stimulation (TES)
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27706710.2025.2482915
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AT qiongfangcao noninvasivebrainstimulationlightingthehumanlifequalitysbulb
AT jieyin noninvasivebrainstimulationlightingthehumanlifequalitysbulb
AT xiechuanweng noninvasivebrainstimulationlightingthehumanlifequalitysbulb
AT fanxu noninvasivebrainstimulationlightingthehumanlifequalitysbulb