Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oil seed crop with a considerable acreage of cultivated hybrids in Pakistan. Sunflower crops depend on insect pollination for seed setting, as it attracts diverse pollinator fauna, mainly due to pollen and nectar availability. This study was conducte...
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Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Sociobiology |
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| Online Access: | http://periodicos.uefs.br/index.php/sociobiology/article/view/10425 |
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| author | Qasim Ali Mudssar Ali Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan Tahir Hussain Awan |
| author_facet | Qasim Ali Mudssar Ali Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan Tahir Hussain Awan |
| author_sort | Qasim Ali |
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Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oil seed crop with a considerable acreage of cultivated hybrids in Pakistan. Sunflower crops depend on insect pollination for seed setting, as it attracts diverse pollinator fauna, mainly due to pollen and nectar availability. This study was conducted in the agricultural landscape of Multan, Pakistan, to evaluate the role of native and social bees in sunflower seed production. The abundance and diversity of pollinators were assessed. Effectiveness was tested regarding foraging behavior, including visitation rate, stay time, and seed set efficacy for single and multiple visits (5, 10, 15). Additionally, various reproductive success parameters were recorded: flower head (pseudanthium) diameter, flower head weight, seed weight/flower head, and number of seed/flower head. The results showed that the relative abundance of honey bees was the highest (77%) in both years, followed by solitary bees (17%), while syrphid flies were the least abundant (6%) on sunflower. Among honey bees, Apis mellifera and A. dorsata were the most abundant in both years, followed by the solitary bee Xylocopa sp. Furthermore, in single and multiple seed set efficacy (5 and 10 visits), the solitary bee Xylocopa sp. produced the maximum seeds, followed by A. mellifera. Higher seed production could be achieved with a focused conservation plan of solitary and managed bees on sunflower.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-186415e37fec44aebc04129d9c6b5acd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0361-6525 2447-8067 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sociobiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-186415e37fec44aebc04129d9c6b5acd2025-08-20T01:58:42ZengUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaSociobiology0361-65252447-80672024-12-0171410.13102/sociobiology.v71i4.10425Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed ProductionQasim Ali0Mudssar Ali1Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan2Tahir Hussain Awan3Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Multan, PakistanInstitute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Multan, PakistanInstitute of Plant Protection & Department of Outreach and Continuing Education, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Multan, Pakistan Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oil seed crop with a considerable acreage of cultivated hybrids in Pakistan. Sunflower crops depend on insect pollination for seed setting, as it attracts diverse pollinator fauna, mainly due to pollen and nectar availability. This study was conducted in the agricultural landscape of Multan, Pakistan, to evaluate the role of native and social bees in sunflower seed production. The abundance and diversity of pollinators were assessed. Effectiveness was tested regarding foraging behavior, including visitation rate, stay time, and seed set efficacy for single and multiple visits (5, 10, 15). Additionally, various reproductive success parameters were recorded: flower head (pseudanthium) diameter, flower head weight, seed weight/flower head, and number of seed/flower head. The results showed that the relative abundance of honey bees was the highest (77%) in both years, followed by solitary bees (17%), while syrphid flies were the least abundant (6%) on sunflower. Among honey bees, Apis mellifera and A. dorsata were the most abundant in both years, followed by the solitary bee Xylocopa sp. Furthermore, in single and multiple seed set efficacy (5 and 10 visits), the solitary bee Xylocopa sp. produced the maximum seeds, followed by A. mellifera. Higher seed production could be achieved with a focused conservation plan of solitary and managed bees on sunflower. http://periodicos.uefs.br/index.php/sociobiology/article/view/10425XylocopaApis pollinator foragingpollination visitationpollinator stay time |
| spellingShingle | Qasim Ali Mudssar Ali Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan Tahir Hussain Awan Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production Sociobiology Xylocopa Apis pollinator foraging pollination visitation pollinator stay time |
| title | Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production |
| title_full | Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production |
| title_fullStr | Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production |
| title_short | Comparing the Efficacy of Single and Multiple Visits by Honey and Solitary Bees on Sunflower Seed Production |
| title_sort | comparing the efficacy of single and multiple visits by honey and solitary bees on sunflower seed production |
| topic | Xylocopa Apis pollinator foraging pollination visitation pollinator stay time |
| url | http://periodicos.uefs.br/index.php/sociobiology/article/view/10425 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qasimali comparingtheefficacyofsingleandmultiplevisitsbyhoneyandsolitarybeesonsunflowerseedproduction AT mudssarali comparingtheefficacyofsingleandmultiplevisitsbyhoneyandsolitarybeesonsunflowerseedproduction AT fawadzafarahmadkhan comparingtheefficacyofsingleandmultiplevisitsbyhoneyandsolitarybeesonsunflowerseedproduction AT tahirhussainawan comparingtheefficacyofsingleandmultiplevisitsbyhoneyandsolitarybeesonsunflowerseedproduction |