Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients

Abstract Background Dexmedetomidine is widely used in critically ill patients, but its effects on postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients remain unclear. This study focuses on exploring the impact of dexmedetomidine on postoperative respiratory failure (RF) and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tian-hua Lin, Zong-jie Wang, Yun-yun Tu, Mu-hua Dong, Ting Qiu, Wen-jie Lan, Ying Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:European Journal of Medical Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02962-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849766569278701568
author Tian-hua Lin
Zong-jie Wang
Yun-yun Tu
Mu-hua Dong
Ting Qiu
Wen-jie Lan
Ying Chen
author_facet Tian-hua Lin
Zong-jie Wang
Yun-yun Tu
Mu-hua Dong
Ting Qiu
Wen-jie Lan
Ying Chen
author_sort Tian-hua Lin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Dexmedetomidine is widely used in critically ill patients, but its effects on postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients remain unclear. This study focuses on exploring the impact of dexmedetomidine on postoperative respiratory failure (RF) and in-hospital mortality. Methods The data were downloaded from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database, including 817 non-traumatic SAH patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. Multivariable logistic regression, sensitivity, interaction, and subgroup analyses were used to examine the association between dexmedetomidine use and RF or in-hospital mortality. A competing risk model was employed, with RF defined as the event of interest and in-hospital mortality as the competing event, to evaluate the survival probabilities for both outcomes. Results Dexmedetomidine use was a risk factor for RF but a protective factor for in-hospital mortality both pre-/post-PSM (p < 0.05). The protective effect of dexmedetomidine on mortality was more pronounced in younger patients (≤ 62 years) and those without cerebrovascular disease. Competing risk analysis showed that even after adjusting for confounders, dexmedetomidine remained a significant protective factor for in-hospital mortality, but did not affect the incidence of RF. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine use in non-traumatic SAH patients significantly reduces in-hospital mortality but does not affect the incidence of postoperative RF. These findings highlight the importance of considering competing risks when evaluating the effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative outcomes.
format Article
id doaj-art-1843c24be57740e5ad5ad86c97d2fbc5
institution DOAJ
issn 2047-783X
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series European Journal of Medical Research
spelling doaj-art-1843c24be57740e5ad5ad86c97d2fbc52025-08-20T03:04:31ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2025-07-0130111210.1186/s40001-025-02962-0Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patientsTian-hua Lin0Zong-jie Wang1Yun-yun Tu2Mu-hua Dong3Ting Qiu4Wen-jie Lan5Ying Chen6Department of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Outpatient, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityAbstract Background Dexmedetomidine is widely used in critically ill patients, but its effects on postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients remain unclear. This study focuses on exploring the impact of dexmedetomidine on postoperative respiratory failure (RF) and in-hospital mortality. Methods The data were downloaded from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database, including 817 non-traumatic SAH patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. Multivariable logistic regression, sensitivity, interaction, and subgroup analyses were used to examine the association between dexmedetomidine use and RF or in-hospital mortality. A competing risk model was employed, with RF defined as the event of interest and in-hospital mortality as the competing event, to evaluate the survival probabilities for both outcomes. Results Dexmedetomidine use was a risk factor for RF but a protective factor for in-hospital mortality both pre-/post-PSM (p < 0.05). The protective effect of dexmedetomidine on mortality was more pronounced in younger patients (≤ 62 years) and those without cerebrovascular disease. Competing risk analysis showed that even after adjusting for confounders, dexmedetomidine remained a significant protective factor for in-hospital mortality, but did not affect the incidence of RF. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine use in non-traumatic SAH patients significantly reduces in-hospital mortality but does not affect the incidence of postoperative RF. These findings highlight the importance of considering competing risks when evaluating the effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02962-0DexmedetomidineNon-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhageRespiratory failureIn-hospital mortalityCompeting risk analysis
spellingShingle Tian-hua Lin
Zong-jie Wang
Yun-yun Tu
Mu-hua Dong
Ting Qiu
Wen-jie Lan
Ying Chen
Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
European Journal of Medical Research
Dexmedetomidine
Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
Respiratory failure
In-hospital mortality
Competing risk analysis
title Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
title_full Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
title_fullStr Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
title_full_unstemmed Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
title_short Competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
title_sort competing risk analysis of dexmedetomidine use and postoperative outcomes in non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
topic Dexmedetomidine
Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
Respiratory failure
In-hospital mortality
Competing risk analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02962-0
work_keys_str_mv AT tianhualin competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients
AT zongjiewang competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients
AT yunyuntu competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients
AT muhuadong competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients
AT tingqiu competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients
AT wenjielan competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients
AT yingchen competingriskanalysisofdexmedetomidineuseandpostoperativeoutcomesinnontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhagepatients