Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report

Limbic encephalitis (LE) associated with anti-LGI1 antibodies is an autoimmune disorder characterized by memory decline, behavioral changes, and temporal lobe epilepsy. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) are a hallmark symptom, often preceding cognitive and psychiatric issues. This report presen...

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Main Authors: Francesco Rossato, Andrea Porsio, Diego Cecchin, Matteo Atzori, Anna Maria Basile, Marco Zoccarato
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:NeuroSci
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/6/2/43
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author Francesco Rossato
Andrea Porsio
Diego Cecchin
Matteo Atzori
Anna Maria Basile
Marco Zoccarato
author_facet Francesco Rossato
Andrea Porsio
Diego Cecchin
Matteo Atzori
Anna Maria Basile
Marco Zoccarato
author_sort Francesco Rossato
collection DOAJ
description Limbic encephalitis (LE) associated with anti-LGI1 antibodies is an autoimmune disorder characterized by memory decline, behavioral changes, and temporal lobe epilepsy. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) are a hallmark symptom, often preceding cognitive and psychiatric issues. This report presents an 80-year-old male with LGI1 encephalitis, initially manifesting as FBDS. A lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosed two months after the onset of neurological symptoms. Clinical and paraclinical data, including MRI and [18]FDG PET imaging, are described. The patient responded to immunotherapy, including steroids and plasma exchange, along with tumor resection. Following treatment, neurological symptoms resolved, except for mild anxiety and apathy. Further research is needed to determine whether LGI1 encephalitis may occasionally have a paraneoplastic origin, potentially influencing screening and management strategies.
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spelling doaj-art-183fa85e2a6c47ccbd48b472704f23be2025-08-20T02:21:46ZengMDPI AGNeuroSci2673-40872025-05-01624310.3390/neurosci6020043Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case ReportFrancesco Rossato0Andrea Porsio1Diego Cecchin2Matteo Atzori3Anna Maria Basile4Marco Zoccarato5Neurology Unit, Ospedale Sant’Antonio, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, 35218 Padua, ItalyNeurology Unit, Ospedale Sant’Antonio, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, 35218 Padua, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, 35128 Padua, ItalyNeurology Unit, Ospedale Sant’Antonio, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, 35218 Padua, ItalyNeurology Unit, Ospedale Sant’Antonio, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, 35218 Padua, ItalyNeurology Unit, Ospedale Sant’Antonio, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, 35218 Padua, ItalyLimbic encephalitis (LE) associated with anti-LGI1 antibodies is an autoimmune disorder characterized by memory decline, behavioral changes, and temporal lobe epilepsy. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) are a hallmark symptom, often preceding cognitive and psychiatric issues. This report presents an 80-year-old male with LGI1 encephalitis, initially manifesting as FBDS. A lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosed two months after the onset of neurological symptoms. Clinical and paraclinical data, including MRI and [18]FDG PET imaging, are described. The patient responded to immunotherapy, including steroids and plasma exchange, along with tumor resection. Following treatment, neurological symptoms resolved, except for mild anxiety and apathy. Further research is needed to determine whether LGI1 encephalitis may occasionally have a paraneoplastic origin, potentially influencing screening and management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/6/2/43LGI1 antibodieslimbic encephalitisparaneoplastic neurological syndromeslung canceradenocarcinoma
spellingShingle Francesco Rossato
Andrea Porsio
Diego Cecchin
Matteo Atzori
Anna Maria Basile
Marco Zoccarato
Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
NeuroSci
LGI1 antibodies
limbic encephalitis
paraneoplastic neurological syndromes
lung cancer
adenocarcinoma
title Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
title_full Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
title_fullStr Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
title_short Paraneoplastic LGI1 Encephalitis Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
title_sort paraneoplastic lgi1 encephalitis associated with lung adenocarcinoma a case report
topic LGI1 antibodies
limbic encephalitis
paraneoplastic neurological syndromes
lung cancer
adenocarcinoma
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/6/2/43
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