Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?

In the intricate realm of interactions between hosts and pathogens, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which play a crucial role in the innate immune response, possess the ability to identify specific molecular signatures. This includes components originating from pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, as well as t...

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Main Authors: Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Tsz Fung Yip, Zixu Han, Huachen Zhu, Dajiang Qin, Suki Man Yan Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1458281/full
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author Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
Tsz Fung Yip
Zixu Han
Huachen Zhu
Dajiang Qin
Dajiang Qin
Dajiang Qin
Suki Man Yan Lee
Suki Man Yan Lee
Suki Man Yan Lee
author_facet Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
Tsz Fung Yip
Zixu Han
Huachen Zhu
Dajiang Qin
Dajiang Qin
Dajiang Qin
Suki Man Yan Lee
Suki Man Yan Lee
Suki Man Yan Lee
author_sort Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
collection DOAJ
description In the intricate realm of interactions between hosts and pathogens, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which play a crucial role in the innate immune response, possess the ability to identify specific molecular signatures. This includes components originating from pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, as well as the resulting damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), the endogenous molecules released after cellular damage. A developing perspective suggests that TLRs play a central role in neuroinflammation, a fundamental factor in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease (PD). This comprehensive review consolidates current research investigating the potential interplay between TLRs, their signaling mechanisms, and the processes of neurodegeneration following SARS-CoV-2 infection with an aim to elucidate the involvement of TLRs in the long-term neurological complications of COVID-19 and explore the potential of targeting TLRs as a means of implementing intervention strategies for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19-associated long-term brain outcomes.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2296-858X
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Medicine
spelling doaj-art-1820100875c44becbb994ddc3de9fc512025-08-20T03:40:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-03-011210.3389/fmed.2025.14582811458281Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan0Tsz Fung Yip1Zixu Han2Huachen Zhu3Dajiang Qin4Dajiang Qin5Dajiang Qin6Suki Man Yan Lee7Suki Man Yan Lee8Suki Man Yan Lee9Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCentre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCentre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaBioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, ChinaCentre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaIn the intricate realm of interactions between hosts and pathogens, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which play a crucial role in the innate immune response, possess the ability to identify specific molecular signatures. This includes components originating from pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, as well as the resulting damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), the endogenous molecules released after cellular damage. A developing perspective suggests that TLRs play a central role in neuroinflammation, a fundamental factor in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease (PD). This comprehensive review consolidates current research investigating the potential interplay between TLRs, their signaling mechanisms, and the processes of neurodegeneration following SARS-CoV-2 infection with an aim to elucidate the involvement of TLRs in the long-term neurological complications of COVID-19 and explore the potential of targeting TLRs as a means of implementing intervention strategies for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19-associated long-term brain outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1458281/fulltoll-like receptors (TLRs)neurodegenerative disorderspost-COVID-19 syndromeneuroinflammationSARS-CoV-2
spellingShingle Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
Tsz Fung Yip
Zixu Han
Huachen Zhu
Dajiang Qin
Dajiang Qin
Dajiang Qin
Suki Man Yan Lee
Suki Man Yan Lee
Suki Man Yan Lee
Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?
Frontiers in Medicine
toll-like receptors (TLRs)
neurodegenerative disorders
post-COVID-19 syndrome
neuroinflammation
SARS-CoV-2
title Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?
title_full Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?
title_fullStr Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?
title_full_unstemmed Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?
title_short Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?
title_sort role of toll like receptors in post covid 19 associated neurodegenerative disorders
topic toll-like receptors (TLRs)
neurodegenerative disorders
post-COVID-19 syndrome
neuroinflammation
SARS-CoV-2
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1458281/full
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