Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands

Evaluating the flood and drought hazards provides vital information for sustainable water resources management, particularly in semi-arid, water-deficit environments. Most prior studies were limited in exploring the flood and drought hazards, which are important for early warning systems and prepare...

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Main Authors: Henok Shiferaw, Amanuel Zenebe, Eyasu Yazew, Biniyam Yisak, Atkilt Girma, Muez Araya, Gebreyohannes Zenebe, Alessandra Giannini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Geomatics, Natural Hazards & Risk
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19475705.2023.2290846
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author Henok Shiferaw
Amanuel Zenebe
Eyasu Yazew
Biniyam Yisak
Atkilt Girma
Muez Araya
Gebreyohannes Zenebe
Alessandra Giannini
author_facet Henok Shiferaw
Amanuel Zenebe
Eyasu Yazew
Biniyam Yisak
Atkilt Girma
Muez Araya
Gebreyohannes Zenebe
Alessandra Giannini
author_sort Henok Shiferaw
collection DOAJ
description Evaluating the flood and drought hazards provides vital information for sustainable water resources management, particularly in semi-arid, water-deficit environments. Most prior studies were limited in exploring the flood and drought hazards, which are important for early warning systems and preparedness. This study characterized the hydrological extreme hazards on the Gereb-Geba reservoir, namely the Suluh, Genfel, and Agula rivers. Flood frequency analysis was performed using the fitted flood frequency distribution in MATLAB. The 2D hydrodynamic model HEC-RAS was implemented to produce a flood-inundation map. Meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological droughts were analyzed using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), respectively. Using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), the estimated flood magnitude showed an increasing tendency in all the rivers across all the return periods (2-, 5-, 10-, 20-, 50-, and 100-years). The reservoir inundated an area of 12.8 km2 at an elevation of 1830 m.a.s.l. with a water depth of 80 m at the outlet. Suluh experienced more severe to extreme hydrological drought episodes than the Agula and Genfel rivers. Severe to extreme meteorological droughts were also observed in the respective catchments. Moreover, severe agricultural drought prevalence was also detected across all the river catchments. This study provides vital and comprehensive flood and drought information for water resources planning, management, and development.
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spelling doaj-art-181dfcb71d1943f1b84834062bbc590d2024-12-12T18:11:17ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGeomatics, Natural Hazards & Risk1947-57051947-57132024-12-0115110.1080/19475705.2023.2290846Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlandsHenok Shiferaw0Amanuel Zenebe1Eyasu Yazew2Biniyam Yisak3Atkilt Girma4Muez Araya5Gebreyohannes Zenebe6Alessandra Giannini7Institute of Water and Environment, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaInstitute of Climate and Society, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaInstitute of Water and Environment, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaInstitute of Climate and Society, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaInstitute of Climate and Society, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaDepartment of Dam and Infrastructure Construction, Tigray Water Works Construction Enterprise, Mekelle, EthiopiaInstitute of Climate and Society, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/IPSL, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris, CNRS, Paris, FranceEvaluating the flood and drought hazards provides vital information for sustainable water resources management, particularly in semi-arid, water-deficit environments. Most prior studies were limited in exploring the flood and drought hazards, which are important for early warning systems and preparedness. This study characterized the hydrological extreme hazards on the Gereb-Geba reservoir, namely the Suluh, Genfel, and Agula rivers. Flood frequency analysis was performed using the fitted flood frequency distribution in MATLAB. The 2D hydrodynamic model HEC-RAS was implemented to produce a flood-inundation map. Meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological droughts were analyzed using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), respectively. Using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), the estimated flood magnitude showed an increasing tendency in all the rivers across all the return periods (2-, 5-, 10-, 20-, 50-, and 100-years). The reservoir inundated an area of 12.8 km2 at an elevation of 1830 m.a.s.l. with a water depth of 80 m at the outlet. Suluh experienced more severe to extreme hydrological drought episodes than the Agula and Genfel rivers. Severe to extreme meteorological droughts were also observed in the respective catchments. Moreover, severe agricultural drought prevalence was also detected across all the river catchments. This study provides vital and comprehensive flood and drought information for water resources planning, management, and development.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19475705.2023.2290846Agricultural droughtfloodhydrological droughtmeteorological droughtNorthern Ethiopia
spellingShingle Henok Shiferaw
Amanuel Zenebe
Eyasu Yazew
Biniyam Yisak
Atkilt Girma
Muez Araya
Gebreyohannes Zenebe
Alessandra Giannini
Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands
Geomatics, Natural Hazards & Risk
Agricultural drought
flood
hydrological drought
meteorological drought
Northern Ethiopia
title Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands
title_full Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands
title_fullStr Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands
title_short Characterization of flood and drought hazards on the Gereb-Geba water supply dam in the semi-arid northern Ethiopian highlands
title_sort characterization of flood and drought hazards on the gereb geba water supply dam in the semi arid northern ethiopian highlands
topic Agricultural drought
flood
hydrological drought
meteorological drought
Northern Ethiopia
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19475705.2023.2290846
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