Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs

Abstract Selenium-enriched yeast (SeY), a high-quality organic source of selenium, enhances antioxidant activity and intestinal health in swine. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varying dietary SeY levels on intestinal morphology, epithelial mucus production, antioxidant activity, and colo...

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Main Authors: Lingling Su, Hongbo Yi, E Xu, Mingfei Xiao, Yanhua Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Microbiology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-03909-5
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author Lingling Su
Hongbo Yi
E Xu
Mingfei Xiao
Yanhua Gao
author_facet Lingling Su
Hongbo Yi
E Xu
Mingfei Xiao
Yanhua Gao
author_sort Lingling Su
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Selenium-enriched yeast (SeY), a high-quality organic source of selenium, enhances antioxidant activity and intestinal health in swine. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varying dietary SeY levels on intestinal morphology, epithelial mucus production, antioxidant activity, and colonic bacterial communities in growing-finishing pigs. Thirty 90-day-old Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire growing-finishing pigs (average body weight of 54.37±2.13 kg) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, while the other four groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with SeY at 0.3, 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg, respectively, for an 80-day of feeding trial. The results showed that the addition of SeY at 0.3 mg/kg increased villus height, villus height/crypt ratio, and mucus production in the ileum, as evidenced by the increase in goblet cell number and mucus thickness (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 0.3 mg/kg SeY up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of the MUC-1, claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 genes (P < 0.05). In contrast, high-dose SeY at 5 mg/kg resulting in damage to mucosal morphology. Ileal antioxidant activity of SOD and GSH-Px, and jejunal mRNA expression of GPX-1 and GPX-4, were higher in response to SeY (P < 0.05). Faecal Se excretion increased in SeY groups in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). SeY led to a significant difference in beta diversity among treatment groups (P = 0.002) and led to a significant decrease in the concentrations of isobutyric and isovaleric acids when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acids were positively correlated with the biomarker genera Agathobacter (SeY at 0.3mg/kg), while isobutyrate and isovalerate were negatively correlated with biomarker genera Lactobacillus (SeY at 0.3mg/kg) (P < 0.05). Faecal accumulation of Se was positively correlated with the biomarker genera Alloprevotella (SeY at 3mg/kg) and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 (SeY at 5mg/kg) and was negatively correlated with biomarker genera Agathobacter (SeY at 0.3mg/kg), Bacteroides (CON), and Faecalibacterium (CON) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, SeY doses of 0.3 mg/kg have beneficial effects on intestinal health, whereas prolonged SeY doses up to 5 mg/kg may compromise the intestinal mucus function in growing-finishing pigs.
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spelling doaj-art-17f2182f86994eb2a5cfd38d9978be442025-08-20T02:27:50ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802025-04-0125112010.1186/s12866-025-03909-5Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigsLingling Su0Hongbo Yi1E Xu2Mingfei Xiao3Yanhua Gao4College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resources Reservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu UniversityState Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesCollege of Animal Science, Guizhou UniversityState Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesCollege of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resources Reservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu UniversityAbstract Selenium-enriched yeast (SeY), a high-quality organic source of selenium, enhances antioxidant activity and intestinal health in swine. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varying dietary SeY levels on intestinal morphology, epithelial mucus production, antioxidant activity, and colonic bacterial communities in growing-finishing pigs. Thirty 90-day-old Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire growing-finishing pigs (average body weight of 54.37±2.13 kg) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, while the other four groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with SeY at 0.3, 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg, respectively, for an 80-day of feeding trial. The results showed that the addition of SeY at 0.3 mg/kg increased villus height, villus height/crypt ratio, and mucus production in the ileum, as evidenced by the increase in goblet cell number and mucus thickness (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 0.3 mg/kg SeY up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of the MUC-1, claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 genes (P < 0.05). In contrast, high-dose SeY at 5 mg/kg resulting in damage to mucosal morphology. Ileal antioxidant activity of SOD and GSH-Px, and jejunal mRNA expression of GPX-1 and GPX-4, were higher in response to SeY (P < 0.05). Faecal Se excretion increased in SeY groups in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). SeY led to a significant difference in beta diversity among treatment groups (P = 0.002) and led to a significant decrease in the concentrations of isobutyric and isovaleric acids when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acids were positively correlated with the biomarker genera Agathobacter (SeY at 0.3mg/kg), while isobutyrate and isovalerate were negatively correlated with biomarker genera Lactobacillus (SeY at 0.3mg/kg) (P < 0.05). Faecal accumulation of Se was positively correlated with the biomarker genera Alloprevotella (SeY at 3mg/kg) and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 (SeY at 5mg/kg) and was negatively correlated with biomarker genera Agathobacter (SeY at 0.3mg/kg), Bacteroides (CON), and Faecalibacterium (CON) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, SeY doses of 0.3 mg/kg have beneficial effects on intestinal health, whereas prolonged SeY doses up to 5 mg/kg may compromise the intestinal mucus function in growing-finishing pigs.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-03909-5Colonic bacterial communitySelenium-enriched yeastGut mucusGrowing-finishing pigs
spellingShingle Lingling Su
Hongbo Yi
E Xu
Mingfei Xiao
Yanhua Gao
Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs
BMC Microbiology
Colonic bacterial community
Selenium-enriched yeast
Gut mucus
Growing-finishing pigs
title Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs
title_full Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs
title_fullStr Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs
title_full_unstemmed Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs
title_short Colonic bacterial community responding to selenium-enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing-finishing pigs
title_sort colonic bacterial community responding to selenium enriched yeast supplementation associated with improved gut mucus function in growing finishing pigs
topic Colonic bacterial community
Selenium-enriched yeast
Gut mucus
Growing-finishing pigs
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-03909-5
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