LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage abrasion and pain, affecting millions globally. However, current treatments focus on symptom management rather than modifying disease development. Recent studies have indicated that low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐rel...

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Main Authors: Yuangang Wu, Kaibo Sun, Mingyang Li, Yang Yang, Yuan Liu, Limin Wu, Yang Ding, Yi Zeng, Bin Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-06-01
Series:Orthopaedic Surgery
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/os.70035
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author Yuangang Wu
Kaibo Sun
Mingyang Li
Yang Yang
Yuan Liu
Limin Wu
Yang Ding
Yi Zeng
Bin Shen
author_facet Yuangang Wu
Kaibo Sun
Mingyang Li
Yang Yang
Yuan Liu
Limin Wu
Yang Ding
Yi Zeng
Bin Shen
author_sort Yuangang Wu
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage abrasion and pain, affecting millions globally. However, current treatments focus on symptom management rather than modifying disease development. Recent studies have indicated that low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1) is associated with maintaining cartilage homeostasis through its involvement in endocytosis and signaling pathways. LRP1 facilitates the removal of extracellular matrix (ECM)‐degrading enzymes, including a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby protecting against excessive cartilage breakdown. However, OA cartilage shows increased shedding of LRP1, leading to reduced endocytic capacity and elevated levels of these enzymes, contributing to accelerated ECM breakdown. LRP1 is also involved in key signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β‐catenin, transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β), and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), which regulate processes like chondrocyte proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and autophagy. Dysregulation of these pathways, combined with impaired LRP1‐mediated endocytosis, fosters a catabolic environment in osteoarthritic cartilage. Emerging therapies targeting LRP1, such as gene interventions, exosome‐based therapies, and small‐molecule modulators, show potential in restoring LRP1 function, reducing cartilage degradation, and promoting joint repair. This review emphasizes the significance of LRP1 in the development of OA and explores its potential as a therapeutic target for creating disease‐modifying strategies to maintain joint integrity and enhance patient well‐being.
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spelling doaj-art-17eeb0949d7444d99c4e1e354f8dc3722025-08-20T03:45:47ZengWileyOrthopaedic Surgery1757-78531757-78612025-06-011761604161910.1111/os.70035LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in OsteoarthritisYuangang Wu0Kaibo Sun1Mingyang Li2Yang Yang3Yuan Liu4Limin Wu5Yang Ding6Yi Zeng7Bin Shen8Orthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaOrthopedic Research Institute and Department of Orthopedics Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage abrasion and pain, affecting millions globally. However, current treatments focus on symptom management rather than modifying disease development. Recent studies have indicated that low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1) is associated with maintaining cartilage homeostasis through its involvement in endocytosis and signaling pathways. LRP1 facilitates the removal of extracellular matrix (ECM)‐degrading enzymes, including a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby protecting against excessive cartilage breakdown. However, OA cartilage shows increased shedding of LRP1, leading to reduced endocytic capacity and elevated levels of these enzymes, contributing to accelerated ECM breakdown. LRP1 is also involved in key signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β‐catenin, transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β), and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), which regulate processes like chondrocyte proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and autophagy. Dysregulation of these pathways, combined with impaired LRP1‐mediated endocytosis, fosters a catabolic environment in osteoarthritic cartilage. Emerging therapies targeting LRP1, such as gene interventions, exosome‐based therapies, and small‐molecule modulators, show potential in restoring LRP1 function, reducing cartilage degradation, and promoting joint repair. This review emphasizes the significance of LRP1 in the development of OA and explores its potential as a therapeutic target for creating disease‐modifying strategies to maintain joint integrity and enhance patient well‐being.https://doi.org/10.1111/os.70035endocytosislow‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1osteoarthritistherapeutic target
spellingShingle Yuangang Wu
Kaibo Sun
Mingyang Li
Yang Yang
Yuan Liu
Limin Wu
Yang Ding
Yi Zeng
Bin Shen
LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis
Orthopaedic Surgery
endocytosis
low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1
osteoarthritis
therapeutic target
title LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis
title_full LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis
title_fullStr LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis
title_full_unstemmed LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis
title_short LRP1 Mediates Endocytosis Activity and Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Osteoarthritis
title_sort lrp1 mediates endocytosis activity and is a potential therapeutic target in osteoarthritis
topic endocytosis
low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1
osteoarthritis
therapeutic target
url https://doi.org/10.1111/os.70035
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