Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards

In order to solve the problems of traditional orchard-specific green manure crushing and returning machines, such as the single operation effect, root system damage, unsustainable green manure growth, and low utilization rate, an offset crushing–furrowing–burying–straw-returning machine was designed...

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Main Authors: Quanzhong Zhang, Jinfei Zhao, Xiaowen Yang, Ling Wang, Guangdong Su, Xinying Liu, Chuang Shan, Orkin Rahim, Binghui Yang, Jiean Liao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Agriculture
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1932
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author Quanzhong Zhang
Jinfei Zhao
Xiaowen Yang
Ling Wang
Guangdong Su
Xinying Liu
Chuang Shan
Orkin Rahim
Binghui Yang
Jiean Liao
author_facet Quanzhong Zhang
Jinfei Zhao
Xiaowen Yang
Ling Wang
Guangdong Su
Xinying Liu
Chuang Shan
Orkin Rahim
Binghui Yang
Jiean Liao
author_sort Quanzhong Zhang
collection DOAJ
description In order to solve the problems of traditional orchard-specific green manure crushing and returning machines, such as the single operation effect, root system damage, unsustainable green manure growth, and low utilization rate, an offset crushing–furrowing–burying–straw-returning machine was designed for green manures in orchards. Based on quadratic regression combination experiments, the Discrete Element Method (EDEM) was used to construct a discrete element model simulating the deep furrowing and burying processes of the furrowing and soil-covering device, where the advance speed, plow-shaped furrowing blade rotation speed, and furrowing depth were considered as experimental factors and the coverage rate was taken as an evaluation index, and then simulation analyses were carried out to obtain experimental data; Design-Expert was used to perform ANOVA and RSM analyses, thus finding that its optimal working parameter portfolio consists of the advance speed of 42 m/min, the furrowing blade rotation speed of 300 r/min, and the furrowing depth of 190 mm, and that the coverage rate is 95.82% when this parameter portfolio is applied. Field experiments were conducted to validate the optimal parameter portfolio. The experimental results show that with an average coverage rate of 90.87% (4.95% away from the optimal value based on the simulation experiments on average), an average crushing length qualification rate of 91.24%, and an average root system damage rate of 5.6%, this device is applicable for its operation conditions. The development of this machine and the construction of its parameter model can provide a certain reference value for developing and optimizing related machines including green manure-returning machines.
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id doaj-art-17ebbfc3febb47719e0e429bd11531d2
institution OA Journals
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-17ebbfc3febb47719e0e429bd11531d22025-08-20T02:07:56ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722024-10-011411193210.3390/agriculture14111932Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in OrchardsQuanzhong Zhang0Jinfei Zhao1Xiaowen Yang2Ling Wang3Guangdong Su4Xinying Liu5Chuang Shan6Orkin Rahim7Binghui Yang8Jiean Liao9Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaSpecial Equipment Inspection Institute, Tarbagatay Prefecture 834700, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaFaculty of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Mechanical Electronification Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, ChinaIn order to solve the problems of traditional orchard-specific green manure crushing and returning machines, such as the single operation effect, root system damage, unsustainable green manure growth, and low utilization rate, an offset crushing–furrowing–burying–straw-returning machine was designed for green manures in orchards. Based on quadratic regression combination experiments, the Discrete Element Method (EDEM) was used to construct a discrete element model simulating the deep furrowing and burying processes of the furrowing and soil-covering device, where the advance speed, plow-shaped furrowing blade rotation speed, and furrowing depth were considered as experimental factors and the coverage rate was taken as an evaluation index, and then simulation analyses were carried out to obtain experimental data; Design-Expert was used to perform ANOVA and RSM analyses, thus finding that its optimal working parameter portfolio consists of the advance speed of 42 m/min, the furrowing blade rotation speed of 300 r/min, and the furrowing depth of 190 mm, and that the coverage rate is 95.82% when this parameter portfolio is applied. Field experiments were conducted to validate the optimal parameter portfolio. The experimental results show that with an average coverage rate of 90.87% (4.95% away from the optimal value based on the simulation experiments on average), an average crushing length qualification rate of 91.24%, and an average root system damage rate of 5.6%, this device is applicable for its operation conditions. The development of this machine and the construction of its parameter model can provide a certain reference value for developing and optimizing related machines including green manure-returning machines.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1932green manureoffsetfurrowing and buryingbladediscrete element
spellingShingle Quanzhong Zhang
Jinfei Zhao
Xiaowen Yang
Ling Wang
Guangdong Su
Xinying Liu
Chuang Shan
Orkin Rahim
Binghui Yang
Jiean Liao
Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards
Agriculture
green manure
offset
furrowing and burying
blade
discrete element
title Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards
title_full Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards
title_fullStr Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards
title_full_unstemmed Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards
title_short Design and Testing of an Offset Straw-Returning Machine for Green Manures in Orchards
title_sort design and testing of an offset straw returning machine for green manures in orchards
topic green manure
offset
furrowing and burying
blade
discrete element
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1932
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