Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis
Dysregulation of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and central pain pathways in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a growing evidence. Authors include some forms of TMD among central sensitization syndromes (CSS), a group of pathologies characterized by central morphofunctional alterations. Central S...
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2017-01-01
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| Series: | Pain Research and Management |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5957076 |
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| author | Annalisa Monaco Ruggero Cattaneo Maria Chiara Marci Davide Pietropaoli Eleonora Ortu |
| author_facet | Annalisa Monaco Ruggero Cattaneo Maria Chiara Marci Davide Pietropaoli Eleonora Ortu |
| author_sort | Annalisa Monaco |
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| description | Dysregulation of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and central pain pathways in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a growing evidence. Authors include some forms of TMD among central sensitization syndromes (CSS), a group of pathologies characterized by central morphofunctional alterations. Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is useful for clinical diagnosis. Clinical examination and CSI cannot identify the central site(s) affected in these diseases. Ultralow frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ULFTENS) is extensively used in TMD and in dental clinical practice, because of its effects on descending pain modulation pathways. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) are the most accurate tool for diagnosis and classification of TMD. However, it includes CSI to investigate central aspects of TMD. Preliminary data on sensory ULFTENS show it is a reliable tool for the study of central and autonomic pathways in TMD. An alternative classification based on the presence of Central Sensitization and on individual response to sensory ULFTENS is proposed. TMD may be classified into 4 groups: (a) TMD with Central Sensitization ULFTENS Responders; (b) TMD with Central Sensitization ULFTENS Nonresponders; (c) TMD without Central Sensitization ULFTENS Responders; (d) TMD without Central Sensitization ULFTENS Nonresponders. This pathogenic classification of TMD may help to differentiate therapy and aetiology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-17b838dcc88143978b58997a0f6b24fe |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1203-6765 1918-1523 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Pain Research and Management |
| spelling | doaj-art-17b838dcc88143978b58997a0f6b24fe2025-02-03T05:52:09ZengWileyPain Research and Management1203-67651918-15232017-01-01201710.1155/2017/59570765957076Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic HypothesisAnnalisa Monaco0Ruggero Cattaneo1Maria Chiara Marci2Davide Pietropaoli3Eleonora Ortu4MeSVA Department, University of L’Aquila, P.le S. Tommasi, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyMeSVA Department, University of L’Aquila, P.le S. Tommasi, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyMeSVA Department, University of L’Aquila, P.le S. Tommasi, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyMeSVA Department, University of L’Aquila, P.le S. Tommasi, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyMeSVA Department, University of L’Aquila, P.le S. Tommasi, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyDysregulation of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and central pain pathways in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a growing evidence. Authors include some forms of TMD among central sensitization syndromes (CSS), a group of pathologies characterized by central morphofunctional alterations. Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is useful for clinical diagnosis. Clinical examination and CSI cannot identify the central site(s) affected in these diseases. Ultralow frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ULFTENS) is extensively used in TMD and in dental clinical practice, because of its effects on descending pain modulation pathways. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) are the most accurate tool for diagnosis and classification of TMD. However, it includes CSI to investigate central aspects of TMD. Preliminary data on sensory ULFTENS show it is a reliable tool for the study of central and autonomic pathways in TMD. An alternative classification based on the presence of Central Sensitization and on individual response to sensory ULFTENS is proposed. TMD may be classified into 4 groups: (a) TMD with Central Sensitization ULFTENS Responders; (b) TMD with Central Sensitization ULFTENS Nonresponders; (c) TMD without Central Sensitization ULFTENS Responders; (d) TMD without Central Sensitization ULFTENS Nonresponders. This pathogenic classification of TMD may help to differentiate therapy and aetiology.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5957076 |
| spellingShingle | Annalisa Monaco Ruggero Cattaneo Maria Chiara Marci Davide Pietropaoli Eleonora Ortu Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis Pain Research and Management |
| title | Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis |
| title_full | Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis |
| title_fullStr | Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis |
| title_short | Central Sensitization-Based Classification for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Pathogenetic Hypothesis |
| title_sort | central sensitization based classification for temporomandibular disorders a pathogenetic hypothesis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5957076 |
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