Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection

Due to its widespread distribution in industrial, commercial, and residential settings, xylene detection is crucial. In this study, carbon sphere templates and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> etching were used to synergistically prepare WO<sub>3</sub> with uniform macropores, which was the...

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Main Authors: Yinglin Wang, Zhaohui Lei, Xu Li, Yantong Meng, Wanting Cui, Yiyang Xu, Xidong Hao, Shanfu Sun, Pengfei Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Micromachines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/6/646
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author Yinglin Wang
Zhaohui Lei
Xu Li
Yantong Meng
Wanting Cui
Yiyang Xu
Xidong Hao
Shanfu Sun
Pengfei Cheng
author_facet Yinglin Wang
Zhaohui Lei
Xu Li
Yantong Meng
Wanting Cui
Yiyang Xu
Xidong Hao
Shanfu Sun
Pengfei Cheng
author_sort Yinglin Wang
collection DOAJ
description Due to its widespread distribution in industrial, commercial, and residential settings, xylene detection is crucial. In this study, carbon sphere templates and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> etching were used to synergistically prepare WO<sub>3</sub> with uniform macropores, which was then decorated with Au elements. The findings demonstrated that the Au-decorated WO<sub>3</sub>-etched sample (WO<sub>3</sub>-1%E+Au) had the best sensing performance for 100 ppm xylene (response value: 21.3, optimal operating temperature: 360 °C) and short response/recovery time (1 s/11 s). The etching of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> and the synergistic carbon sphere templates were responsible for the sensing performance, as they enhanced the sample surface’s specific surface area and roughness while also supplying additional active sites. Furthermore, the sensor’s sensitivity and selectivity to xylene were enhanced by the coupling effect and dehydrogenation catalysis of the noble metal Au. The results of this work advance our knowledge of gas-sensing mechanisms and offer guidance for the creation of extremely sensitive and selective xylene gas sensors.
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id doaj-art-179e5f69c0bb400fa7a9b608b666f3fd
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issn 2072-666X
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Micromachines
spelling doaj-art-179e5f69c0bb400fa7a9b608b666f3fd2025-08-20T03:16:23ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2025-05-0116664610.3390/mi16060646Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene DetectionYinglin Wang0Zhaohui Lei1Xu Li2Yantong Meng3Wanting Cui4Yiyang Xu5Xidong Hao6Shanfu Sun7Pengfei Cheng8School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, ChinaDue to its widespread distribution in industrial, commercial, and residential settings, xylene detection is crucial. In this study, carbon sphere templates and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> etching were used to synergistically prepare WO<sub>3</sub> with uniform macropores, which was then decorated with Au elements. The findings demonstrated that the Au-decorated WO<sub>3</sub>-etched sample (WO<sub>3</sub>-1%E+Au) had the best sensing performance for 100 ppm xylene (response value: 21.3, optimal operating temperature: 360 °C) and short response/recovery time (1 s/11 s). The etching of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> and the synergistic carbon sphere templates were responsible for the sensing performance, as they enhanced the sample surface’s specific surface area and roughness while also supplying additional active sites. Furthermore, the sensor’s sensitivity and selectivity to xylene were enhanced by the coupling effect and dehydrogenation catalysis of the noble metal Au. The results of this work advance our knowledge of gas-sensing mechanisms and offer guidance for the creation of extremely sensitive and selective xylene gas sensors.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/6/646WO<sub>3</sub>gas sensorxylene sensorAu decorationetching techniques
spellingShingle Yinglin Wang
Zhaohui Lei
Xu Li
Yantong Meng
Wanting Cui
Yiyang Xu
Xidong Hao
Shanfu Sun
Pengfei Cheng
Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection
Micromachines
WO<sub>3</sub>
gas sensor
xylene sensor
Au decoration
etching techniques
title Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection
title_full Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection
title_fullStr Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection
title_full_unstemmed Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection
title_short Etched Tungsten Oxide Modified with Au for Quick Xylene Detection
title_sort etched tungsten oxide modified with au for quick xylene detection
topic WO<sub>3</sub>
gas sensor
xylene sensor
Au decoration
etching techniques
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/6/646
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