Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery

ABSTRACT Purpose: Complications from testicular implantation in transgender men can cause significant distress, repeat visits to the emergency department, and require reoperation for explantation. Outcomes for these implants have not been well described in the literature. This study compares patien...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Patrick Ho, Emily Schmidt-Beuchat, Michaela Sljivich, Miroslav Djordjevic, Ethan Nyein, Rajveer S. Purohit
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia 2025-03-01
Series:International Brazilian Journal of Urology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-55382025000200402&lng=en&tlng=en
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849703909113724928
author Patrick Ho
Emily Schmidt-Beuchat
Michaela Sljivich
Miroslav Djordjevic
Ethan Nyein
Rajveer S. Purohit
author_facet Patrick Ho
Emily Schmidt-Beuchat
Michaela Sljivich
Miroslav Djordjevic
Ethan Nyein
Rajveer S. Purohit
author_sort Patrick Ho
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Purpose: Complications from testicular implantation in transgender men can cause significant distress, repeat visits to the emergency department, and require reoperation for explantation. Outcomes for these implants have not been well described in the literature. This study compares patient and surgery specific factors with complications from testicular implants in transgender men. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent testicular implantation. Surgery was standardized across patients with placement through incisions at the top of the labia majora or medially during metoidioplasty. Complication rates, including infection, erosion, migration, and pain requiring removal was compared with patient factors, including body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and implant size. Results: Of the 116 testicular implants, 12% had a complication requiring removal. The most common reason for removal was erosion of the prosthesis, which occurred in 6 instances. Migration was a relatively frequent complaint, with 10% of patients noting relocation of an implant. However, only 4 implants ultimately underwent reoperation for migration. Four implants caused enough pain to require reoperation. On logistic regression of BMI, age, smoking status, and immunocompromised state on removal of prosthesis, no factor was found to be a significant predictor of removal. Increasing implant size was not associated with an increased likelihood of removal. Conclusions: Complications after testicular implants in transgender men are not uncommon events. Although there appears to be a growing trend toward smaller prostheses in the literature, our data suggest that implant size is not a significant predictor of complications requiring prosthetic removal.
format Article
id doaj-art-178854cc676f46f0baa37e66f50c73da
institution DOAJ
issn 1677-6119
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia
record_format Article
series International Brazilian Journal of Urology
spelling doaj-art-178854cc676f46f0baa37e66f50c73da2025-08-20T03:17:02ZengSociedade Brasileira de UrologiaInternational Brazilian Journal of Urology1677-61192025-03-0151210.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2024.0427Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming SurgeryPatrick Hohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7898-0174Emily Schmidt-BeuchatMichaela SljivichMiroslav DjordjevicEthan NyeinRajveer S. PurohitABSTRACT Purpose: Complications from testicular implantation in transgender men can cause significant distress, repeat visits to the emergency department, and require reoperation for explantation. Outcomes for these implants have not been well described in the literature. This study compares patient and surgery specific factors with complications from testicular implants in transgender men. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent testicular implantation. Surgery was standardized across patients with placement through incisions at the top of the labia majora or medially during metoidioplasty. Complication rates, including infection, erosion, migration, and pain requiring removal was compared with patient factors, including body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and implant size. Results: Of the 116 testicular implants, 12% had a complication requiring removal. The most common reason for removal was erosion of the prosthesis, which occurred in 6 instances. Migration was a relatively frequent complaint, with 10% of patients noting relocation of an implant. However, only 4 implants ultimately underwent reoperation for migration. Four implants caused enough pain to require reoperation. On logistic regression of BMI, age, smoking status, and immunocompromised state on removal of prosthesis, no factor was found to be a significant predictor of removal. Increasing implant size was not associated with an increased likelihood of removal. Conclusions: Complications after testicular implants in transgender men are not uncommon events. Although there appears to be a growing trend toward smaller prostheses in the literature, our data suggest that implant size is not a significant predictor of complications requiring prosthetic removal.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-55382025000200402&lng=en&tlng=enSurgical Procedures, OperativeTransgender Personscomplications [Subheading]
spellingShingle Patrick Ho
Emily Schmidt-Beuchat
Michaela Sljivich
Miroslav Djordjevic
Ethan Nyein
Rajveer S. Purohit
Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery
International Brazilian Journal of Urology
Surgical Procedures, Operative
Transgender Persons
complications [Subheading]
title Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery
title_full Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery
title_fullStr Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery
title_full_unstemmed Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery
title_short Testicular Implant Complications after Transmasculine Gender Affirming Surgery
title_sort testicular implant complications after transmasculine gender affirming surgery
topic Surgical Procedures, Operative
Transgender Persons
complications [Subheading]
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-55382025000200402&lng=en&tlng=en
work_keys_str_mv AT patrickho testicularimplantcomplicationsaftertransmasculinegenderaffirmingsurgery
AT emilyschmidtbeuchat testicularimplantcomplicationsaftertransmasculinegenderaffirmingsurgery
AT michaelasljivich testicularimplantcomplicationsaftertransmasculinegenderaffirmingsurgery
AT miroslavdjordjevic testicularimplantcomplicationsaftertransmasculinegenderaffirmingsurgery
AT ethannyein testicularimplantcomplicationsaftertransmasculinegenderaffirmingsurgery
AT rajveerspurohit testicularimplantcomplicationsaftertransmasculinegenderaffirmingsurgery