Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains
Abstract Oyster shell powder enhances soil quality by mitigating acidification and improving fertility, boosting crop yields. However, its efficacy in immobilizing cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils remains uncertain. We performed a field experiment from 2014 to 2018 and assessed four treatments of oyster...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96700-5 |
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| author | Mei-wei Zhang Ming-zhu Sun Yan Wu Chun-hong Wu Hui-jie Song Dan-dan Hu Jing Xia Hua Sun Kai-lou Liu |
| author_facet | Mei-wei Zhang Ming-zhu Sun Yan Wu Chun-hong Wu Hui-jie Song Dan-dan Hu Jing Xia Hua Sun Kai-lou Liu |
| author_sort | Mei-wei Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Oyster shell powder enhances soil quality by mitigating acidification and improving fertility, boosting crop yields. However, its efficacy in immobilizing cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils remains uncertain. We performed a field experiment from 2014 to 2018 and assessed four treatments of oyster shell powder: 0 kg/ha (L0), 750 kg/ha (L750), 1,500 kg/ha (L1500), and 2,250 kg/ha (L2250). From 2014 to 2018, grain yield among all treatments was assessed at maturity, and Cd of grain, soil pH, and available Cd content were measured. Our results revealed that oyster shell powder significantly increased rice yields compared to L0, with L750, L1500, and L2250 treatments enhancing yields by 0.53–3.07% (average value of 1.80%), 3.20–7.61% (average value of 5.41%), and 4.19–10.96% (average value of 7.58%), respectively. Simultaneously, the Cd concentration in rice grains decreased by 3.57–5.51%, 7.14–16.34%, and 9.91–19.84% for L750, L1500, and L2250, respectively, with L2250 demonstrating the most effective Cd reduction. Additionally, soil pH increased by 0.12–0.39, 0.20–0.60, and 0.38–0.79 units, while soil bioavailable Cd decreased by 5.71–13.04%, 10.39–15.46%, and 14.73–18.84% for L750, L1500, and L2250, respectively. Further analysis indicated that over five years of continuous application, a 0.1-unit increase in soil pH correlated with a reduction of 0.42–0.82 mg/kg in Cd levels in rice grains, while a 0.1 mg/kg reduction in bioavailable Cd in the soil corresponded to a 0.07–0.16 mg/kg decrease in Cd in rice grains. In conclusion, five years of continuous application of oyster shell powder effectively mitigated soil acidification and reduced Cd bioavailability, increasing rice yields and diminishing Cd accumulation in rice grains. Higher application rates of oyster shell powder (up to 2,250 kg/ha) resulted in more pronounced acid control, Cd immobilization, and yield enhancements. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | DOAJ |
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| spelling | doaj-art-170fd69254b14ef48fc3ba60f24c91e72025-08-20T03:06:54ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-96700-5Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grainsMei-wei Zhang0Ming-zhu Sun1Yan Wu2Chun-hong Wu3Hui-jie Song4Dan-dan Hu5Jing Xia6Hua Sun7Kai-lou Liu8Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementJiangxi Agricultural Technology Promotion CenterJiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementJiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementJiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementJiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementJiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality EnhancementAbstract Oyster shell powder enhances soil quality by mitigating acidification and improving fertility, boosting crop yields. However, its efficacy in immobilizing cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils remains uncertain. We performed a field experiment from 2014 to 2018 and assessed four treatments of oyster shell powder: 0 kg/ha (L0), 750 kg/ha (L750), 1,500 kg/ha (L1500), and 2,250 kg/ha (L2250). From 2014 to 2018, grain yield among all treatments was assessed at maturity, and Cd of grain, soil pH, and available Cd content were measured. Our results revealed that oyster shell powder significantly increased rice yields compared to L0, with L750, L1500, and L2250 treatments enhancing yields by 0.53–3.07% (average value of 1.80%), 3.20–7.61% (average value of 5.41%), and 4.19–10.96% (average value of 7.58%), respectively. Simultaneously, the Cd concentration in rice grains decreased by 3.57–5.51%, 7.14–16.34%, and 9.91–19.84% for L750, L1500, and L2250, respectively, with L2250 demonstrating the most effective Cd reduction. Additionally, soil pH increased by 0.12–0.39, 0.20–0.60, and 0.38–0.79 units, while soil bioavailable Cd decreased by 5.71–13.04%, 10.39–15.46%, and 14.73–18.84% for L750, L1500, and L2250, respectively. Further analysis indicated that over five years of continuous application, a 0.1-unit increase in soil pH correlated with a reduction of 0.42–0.82 mg/kg in Cd levels in rice grains, while a 0.1 mg/kg reduction in bioavailable Cd in the soil corresponded to a 0.07–0.16 mg/kg decrease in Cd in rice grains. In conclusion, five years of continuous application of oyster shell powder effectively mitigated soil acidification and reduced Cd bioavailability, increasing rice yields and diminishing Cd accumulation in rice grains. Higher application rates of oyster shell powder (up to 2,250 kg/ha) resulted in more pronounced acid control, Cd immobilization, and yield enhancements.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96700-5AcidificationCd accumulationOyster shell powderPaddy soil |
| spellingShingle | Mei-wei Zhang Ming-zhu Sun Yan Wu Chun-hong Wu Hui-jie Song Dan-dan Hu Jing Xia Hua Sun Kai-lou Liu Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains Scientific Reports Acidification Cd accumulation Oyster shell powder Paddy soil |
| title | Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains |
| title_full | Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains |
| title_fullStr | Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains |
| title_short | Application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains |
| title_sort | application of oyster shell powder for five consecutive years effectively controlled soil acidification and reduced cadmium accumulation in rice grains |
| topic | Acidification Cd accumulation Oyster shell powder Paddy soil |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96700-5 |
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