An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques

Workpiece surface quality is a critical metric for assessing machining quality. However, due to the complex coupling characteristics of cutting factors, accurately predicting surface roughness remains challenging. Typically, roughness is measured post-machining using specialized instruments, which d...

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Main Authors: Taoming Chen, Chun Li, Zhexiang Zou, Qi Han, Bing Li, Fengshou Gu, Andrew D. Ball
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Machines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/12/11/827
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author Taoming Chen
Chun Li
Zhexiang Zou
Qi Han
Bing Li
Fengshou Gu
Andrew D. Ball
author_facet Taoming Chen
Chun Li
Zhexiang Zou
Qi Han
Bing Li
Fengshou Gu
Andrew D. Ball
author_sort Taoming Chen
collection DOAJ
description Workpiece surface quality is a critical metric for assessing machining quality. However, due to the complex coupling characteristics of cutting factors, accurately predicting surface roughness remains challenging. Typically, roughness is measured post-machining using specialized instruments, which delays feedback and hampers timely problem detection, ultimately resulting in cutting resource wastage. To address this issue, this paper introduces a predictive model for workpiece surface roughness based on the finite element (FE) method and advanced image processing techniques. Initially, an orthogonal turning experiment was designed, and an FE cutting model was constructed to assess the distribution of cutting forces and temperatures under varying cutting parameters. Image processing methods (including mesh calibration, edge extraction, and contour fitting) were then applied to extract surface characteristics from the FE simulation outputs, yielding preliminary estimates of surface roughness. By employing range and regression analyses methods, this study quantitatively evaluates the interdependencies among cutting parameters, forces, temperatures, and roughness, subsequently formulating a multivariate regression model to predict surface roughness. Finally, a turning experiment under actual working conditions was conducted, confirming the model’s capacity to predict the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> trend with an accuracy of 85.07%. Thus, the proposed model provides a precise predictive tool for surface roughness, offering valuable guidance for optimizing machining parameters and supporting proactive control in the turning process, ultimately enhancing machining efficiency and quality.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2075-1702
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spelling doaj-art-16fdc5b418894345ae7457e337ecfaf82025-08-20T01:54:07ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022024-11-01121182710.3390/machines12110827An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing TechniquesTaoming Chen0Chun Li1Zhexiang Zou2Qi Han3Bing Li4Fengshou Gu5Andrew D. Ball6School of Industrial Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, ChinaSchool of Industrial Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, ChinaSchool of Industrial Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, ChinaSchool of Industrial Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, ChinaSchool of Industrial Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, ChinaCentre for Efficiency and Performance Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKCentre for Efficiency and Performance Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKWorkpiece surface quality is a critical metric for assessing machining quality. However, due to the complex coupling characteristics of cutting factors, accurately predicting surface roughness remains challenging. Typically, roughness is measured post-machining using specialized instruments, which delays feedback and hampers timely problem detection, ultimately resulting in cutting resource wastage. To address this issue, this paper introduces a predictive model for workpiece surface roughness based on the finite element (FE) method and advanced image processing techniques. Initially, an orthogonal turning experiment was designed, and an FE cutting model was constructed to assess the distribution of cutting forces and temperatures under varying cutting parameters. Image processing methods (including mesh calibration, edge extraction, and contour fitting) were then applied to extract surface characteristics from the FE simulation outputs, yielding preliminary estimates of surface roughness. By employing range and regression analyses methods, this study quantitatively evaluates the interdependencies among cutting parameters, forces, temperatures, and roughness, subsequently formulating a multivariate regression model to predict surface roughness. Finally, a turning experiment under actual working conditions was conducted, confirming the model’s capacity to predict the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> trend with an accuracy of 85.07%. Thus, the proposed model provides a precise predictive tool for surface roughness, offering valuable guidance for optimizing machining parameters and supporting proactive control in the turning process, ultimately enhancing machining efficiency and quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/12/11/827finite element method (FEM)turning processmultivariate linear regression analysis (MLRA)image processingsurface roughness
spellingShingle Taoming Chen
Chun Li
Zhexiang Zou
Qi Han
Bing Li
Fengshou Gu
Andrew D. Ball
An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques
Machines
finite element method (FEM)
turning process
multivariate linear regression analysis (MLRA)
image processing
surface roughness
title An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques
title_full An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques
title_fullStr An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques
title_full_unstemmed An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques
title_short An Advanced Approach for Predicting Workpiece Surface Roughness Using Finite Element Method and Image Processing Techniques
title_sort advanced approach for predicting workpiece surface roughness using finite element method and image processing techniques
topic finite element method (FEM)
turning process
multivariate linear regression analysis (MLRA)
image processing
surface roughness
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/12/11/827
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