Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with the maxilla being a prominent e...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Mi Hyun Lim Jung Ho Jeon Sun Hwa Park Byeong Gon Yun Seok-Won Kim Dong-Woo Cho Jeong Hak Lee Do Hyun Kim Sung Won Kim |
| author_facet | Mi Hyun Lim Jung Ho Jeon Sun Hwa Park Byeong Gon Yun Seok-Won Kim Dong-Woo Cho Jeong Hak Lee Do Hyun Kim Sung Won Kim |
| author_sort | Mi Hyun Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with the maxilla being a prominent example of this structure. Therefore, this study explored whether human neural-crest-derived stem cells (hNTSCs) aid bone and airway mucosal regeneration during craniofacial reconstruction using a rabbit model. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: hNTSCs were induced to differentiate into either mucosal epithelial or osteogenic cells in vitro. hNTSCs were seeded into polycaprolactone scaffold (three-dimensionally printed) that were implanted into rabbits with maxillary defects. Four weeks later, tissue regeneration was analyzed via histological evaluation and immunofluorescence staining. <i>Results</i>: In vitro, hNTSCs differentiated into both mucosal epithelial and osteogenic cells. hNTSC differentiation into respiratory epithelial cells was confirmed by Alcian Blue staining, cilia in SEM, and increased expression levels of FOXJ1 and E-cadherin through quantitative RT-PCR. hNTSC differentiation into bone was confirmed by Alizarin Red staining, increased mRNA expression levels of BMP2 (6.1-fold) and RUNX2 (2.3-fold) in the hNTSC group compared to the control. Four weeks post-transplantation, the rabbit maxilla was harvested, and H&E, SEM, and immunohistofluorescence staining were performed. H&E staining and SEM showed that new tissue and cilia around the maxillary defect were more prominent in the hNTSC group. Also, the hNTSCs group showed positive immunohistofluorescence staining for acetylated α-tubulin and cytokerin-5 compared to the control group. <i>Conclusions</i>: hNTSCs combined with PCL scaffold enhanced the regeneration of mucosal tissue and bone in vitro and promoted mucosal tissue regeneration in the in vivo rabbit model. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-16f5a18e6f6046749dd6797b54948e24 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj-art-16f5a18e6f6046749dd6797b54948e242025-08-20T02:57:27ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442024-12-016012211110.3390/medicina60122111Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in RabbitsMi Hyun Lim0Jung Ho Jeon1Sun Hwa Park2Byeong Gon Yun3Seok-Won Kim4Dong-Woo Cho5Jeong Hak Lee6Do Hyun Kim7Sung Won Kim8Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaC&SR Inc., Uiwang 16006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of KoreaYullin St. Mary’s ENT Clinic, Seoul 07639, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with the maxilla being a prominent example of this structure. Therefore, this study explored whether human neural-crest-derived stem cells (hNTSCs) aid bone and airway mucosal regeneration during craniofacial reconstruction using a rabbit model. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: hNTSCs were induced to differentiate into either mucosal epithelial or osteogenic cells in vitro. hNTSCs were seeded into polycaprolactone scaffold (three-dimensionally printed) that were implanted into rabbits with maxillary defects. Four weeks later, tissue regeneration was analyzed via histological evaluation and immunofluorescence staining. <i>Results</i>: In vitro, hNTSCs differentiated into both mucosal epithelial and osteogenic cells. hNTSC differentiation into respiratory epithelial cells was confirmed by Alcian Blue staining, cilia in SEM, and increased expression levels of FOXJ1 and E-cadherin through quantitative RT-PCR. hNTSC differentiation into bone was confirmed by Alizarin Red staining, increased mRNA expression levels of BMP2 (6.1-fold) and RUNX2 (2.3-fold) in the hNTSC group compared to the control. Four weeks post-transplantation, the rabbit maxilla was harvested, and H&E, SEM, and immunohistofluorescence staining were performed. H&E staining and SEM showed that new tissue and cilia around the maxillary defect were more prominent in the hNTSC group. Also, the hNTSCs group showed positive immunohistofluorescence staining for acetylated α-tubulin and cytokerin-5 compared to the control group. <i>Conclusions</i>: hNTSCs combined with PCL scaffold enhanced the regeneration of mucosal tissue and bone in vitro and promoted mucosal tissue regeneration in the in vivo rabbit model.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/2111maxillary regenerationcell transplantationhNTSCsmucosal epithelial differentiationosteogenic differentiation |
| spellingShingle | Mi Hyun Lim Jung Ho Jeon Sun Hwa Park Byeong Gon Yun Seok-Won Kim Dong-Woo Cho Jeong Hak Lee Do Hyun Kim Sung Won Kim Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits Medicina maxillary regeneration cell transplantation hNTSCs mucosal epithelial differentiation osteogenic differentiation |
| title | Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits |
| title_full | Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits |
| title_fullStr | Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits |
| title_short | Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits |
| title_sort | stem cells within three dimensional printed scaffolds facilitate airway mucosa and bone regeneration and reconstruction of maxillary defects in rabbits |
| topic | maxillary regeneration cell transplantation hNTSCs mucosal epithelial differentiation osteogenic differentiation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/2111 |
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