Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with the maxilla being a prominent e...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mi Hyun Lim, Jung Ho Jeon, Sun Hwa Park, Byeong Gon Yun, Seok-Won Kim, Dong-Woo Cho, Jeong Hak Lee, Do Hyun Kim, Sung Won Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Medicina
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/2111
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850035531712299008
author Mi Hyun Lim
Jung Ho Jeon
Sun Hwa Park
Byeong Gon Yun
Seok-Won Kim
Dong-Woo Cho
Jeong Hak Lee
Do Hyun Kim
Sung Won Kim
author_facet Mi Hyun Lim
Jung Ho Jeon
Sun Hwa Park
Byeong Gon Yun
Seok-Won Kim
Dong-Woo Cho
Jeong Hak Lee
Do Hyun Kim
Sung Won Kim
author_sort Mi Hyun Lim
collection DOAJ
description <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with the maxilla being a prominent example of this structure. Therefore, this study explored whether human neural-crest-derived stem cells (hNTSCs) aid bone and airway mucosal regeneration during craniofacial reconstruction using a rabbit model. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: hNTSCs were induced to differentiate into either mucosal epithelial or osteogenic cells in vitro. hNTSCs were seeded into polycaprolactone scaffold (three-dimensionally printed) that were implanted into rabbits with maxillary defects. Four weeks later, tissue regeneration was analyzed via histological evaluation and immunofluorescence staining. <i>Results</i>: In vitro, hNTSCs differentiated into both mucosal epithelial and osteogenic cells. hNTSC differentiation into respiratory epithelial cells was confirmed by Alcian Blue staining, cilia in SEM, and increased expression levels of FOXJ1 and E-cadherin through quantitative RT-PCR. hNTSC differentiation into bone was confirmed by Alizarin Red staining, increased mRNA expression levels of BMP2 (6.1-fold) and RUNX2 (2.3-fold) in the hNTSC group compared to the control. Four weeks post-transplantation, the rabbit maxilla was harvested, and H&E, SEM, and immunohistofluorescence staining were performed. H&E staining and SEM showed that new tissue and cilia around the maxillary defect were more prominent in the hNTSC group. Also, the hNTSCs group showed positive immunohistofluorescence staining for acetylated α-tubulin and cytokerin-5 compared to the control group. <i>Conclusions</i>: hNTSCs combined with PCL scaffold enhanced the regeneration of mucosal tissue and bone in vitro and promoted mucosal tissue regeneration in the in vivo rabbit model.
format Article
id doaj-art-16f5a18e6f6046749dd6797b54948e24
institution DOAJ
issn 1010-660X
1648-9144
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Medicina
spelling doaj-art-16f5a18e6f6046749dd6797b54948e242025-08-20T02:57:27ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442024-12-016012211110.3390/medicina60122111Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in RabbitsMi Hyun Lim0Jung Ho Jeon1Sun Hwa Park2Byeong Gon Yun3Seok-Won Kim4Dong-Woo Cho5Jeong Hak Lee6Do Hyun Kim7Sung Won Kim8Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaC&SR Inc., Uiwang 16006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of KoreaYullin St. Mary’s ENT Clinic, Seoul 07639, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with the maxilla being a prominent example of this structure. Therefore, this study explored whether human neural-crest-derived stem cells (hNTSCs) aid bone and airway mucosal regeneration during craniofacial reconstruction using a rabbit model. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: hNTSCs were induced to differentiate into either mucosal epithelial or osteogenic cells in vitro. hNTSCs were seeded into polycaprolactone scaffold (three-dimensionally printed) that were implanted into rabbits with maxillary defects. Four weeks later, tissue regeneration was analyzed via histological evaluation and immunofluorescence staining. <i>Results</i>: In vitro, hNTSCs differentiated into both mucosal epithelial and osteogenic cells. hNTSC differentiation into respiratory epithelial cells was confirmed by Alcian Blue staining, cilia in SEM, and increased expression levels of FOXJ1 and E-cadherin through quantitative RT-PCR. hNTSC differentiation into bone was confirmed by Alizarin Red staining, increased mRNA expression levels of BMP2 (6.1-fold) and RUNX2 (2.3-fold) in the hNTSC group compared to the control. Four weeks post-transplantation, the rabbit maxilla was harvested, and H&E, SEM, and immunohistofluorescence staining were performed. H&E staining and SEM showed that new tissue and cilia around the maxillary defect were more prominent in the hNTSC group. Also, the hNTSCs group showed positive immunohistofluorescence staining for acetylated α-tubulin and cytokerin-5 compared to the control group. <i>Conclusions</i>: hNTSCs combined with PCL scaffold enhanced the regeneration of mucosal tissue and bone in vitro and promoted mucosal tissue regeneration in the in vivo rabbit model.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/2111maxillary regenerationcell transplantationhNTSCsmucosal epithelial differentiationosteogenic differentiation
spellingShingle Mi Hyun Lim
Jung Ho Jeon
Sun Hwa Park
Byeong Gon Yun
Seok-Won Kim
Dong-Woo Cho
Jeong Hak Lee
Do Hyun Kim
Sung Won Kim
Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
Medicina
maxillary regeneration
cell transplantation
hNTSCs
mucosal epithelial differentiation
osteogenic differentiation
title Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
title_full Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
title_fullStr Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
title_full_unstemmed Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
title_short Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits
title_sort stem cells within three dimensional printed scaffolds facilitate airway mucosa and bone regeneration and reconstruction of maxillary defects in rabbits
topic maxillary regeneration
cell transplantation
hNTSCs
mucosal epithelial differentiation
osteogenic differentiation
url https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/2111
work_keys_str_mv AT mihyunlim stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT junghojeon stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT sunhwapark stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT byeonggonyun stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT seokwonkim stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT dongwoocho stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT jeonghaklee stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT dohyunkim stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits
AT sungwonkim stemcellswithinthreedimensionalprintedscaffoldsfacilitateairwaymucosaandboneregenerationandreconstructionofmaxillarydefectsinrabbits