Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists
In the recent years, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-𝛾 (PPAR-𝛾), a well known target for type II diabetes treatment, has received an increasing attention for its therapeutic potential in inflammatory and degenerative brain disorders. PPAR-𝛾 agonists, which include naturally occurring...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2008-01-01
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| Series: | PPAR Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/864140 |
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| author | Antonietta Bernardo Luisa Minghetti |
| author_facet | Antonietta Bernardo Luisa Minghetti |
| author_sort | Antonietta Bernardo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the recent years, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-𝛾 (PPAR-𝛾), a well known target for type II diabetes treatment, has received an increasing attention for its therapeutic potential in inflammatory and degenerative brain disorders. PPAR-𝛾 agonists, which include naturally occurring compounds (such as long chain fatty acids and the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy Δ12,14 prostaglandin J2), and synthetic agonists (among which the thiazolidinediones and few nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) have shown anti-inflammatory and protective effects in several experimental models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and stroke, as well as in few clinical studies. The pleiotropic effects of PPAR-𝛾 agonists are likely to be mediated by several mechanisms involving anti-inflammatory activities on peripheral immune cells (macrophages and lymphocytes), as well as direct effects on neural cells including cerebral vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and glia. In the present article, we will review the recent findings supporting a major role for PPAR-𝛾 agonists in controlling neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration through their activities on glial cells, with a particular emphasis on microglial cells as major macrophage population of the brain parenchyma and main actors in brain inflammation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-16af000abe504470b94598e318b98a0a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-4757 1687-4765 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2008-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | PPAR Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-16af000abe504470b94598e318b98a0a2025-02-03T00:59:06ZengWileyPPAR Research1687-47571687-47652008-01-01200810.1155/2008/864140864140Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic AgonistsAntonietta Bernardo0Luisa Minghetti1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, ItalyIn the recent years, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-𝛾 (PPAR-𝛾), a well known target for type II diabetes treatment, has received an increasing attention for its therapeutic potential in inflammatory and degenerative brain disorders. PPAR-𝛾 agonists, which include naturally occurring compounds (such as long chain fatty acids and the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy Δ12,14 prostaglandin J2), and synthetic agonists (among which the thiazolidinediones and few nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) have shown anti-inflammatory and protective effects in several experimental models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and stroke, as well as in few clinical studies. The pleiotropic effects of PPAR-𝛾 agonists are likely to be mediated by several mechanisms involving anti-inflammatory activities on peripheral immune cells (macrophages and lymphocytes), as well as direct effects on neural cells including cerebral vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and glia. In the present article, we will review the recent findings supporting a major role for PPAR-𝛾 agonists in controlling neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration through their activities on glial cells, with a particular emphasis on microglial cells as major macrophage population of the brain parenchyma and main actors in brain inflammation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/864140 |
| spellingShingle | Antonietta Bernardo Luisa Minghetti Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists PPAR Research |
| title | Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists |
| title_full | Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists |
| title_short | Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists |
| title_sort | regulation of glial cell functions by ppar 𝜸 natural and synthetic agonists |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/864140 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT antoniettabernardo regulationofglialcellfunctionsbypparγnaturalandsyntheticagonists AT luisaminghetti regulationofglialcellfunctionsbypparγnaturalandsyntheticagonists |