Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement

Background: Aortic root enlargement (ARE) during aortic valve replacement (AVR) mitigates prosthesis-patient mismatch, but its use has been low. Transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve (VIV) as a treatment for failing bioprosthetic valves is limited by small surgical valves, renewing interest in ARE dur...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andre Y. Son, MD, MS, Abigail S. Baldridge, DrPH, Andrei Churyla, MD, Duc Thinh Pham, MD, Christopher K. Mehta, MD, Douglas R. Johnston, MD, Patrick M. McCarthy, MD, S. Christopher Malaisrie, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Annals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772993124003681
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850284794334674944
author Andre Y. Son, MD, MS
Abigail S. Baldridge, DrPH
Andrei Churyla, MD
Duc Thinh Pham, MD
Christopher K. Mehta, MD
Douglas R. Johnston, MD
Patrick M. McCarthy, MD
S. Christopher Malaisrie, MD
author_facet Andre Y. Son, MD, MS
Abigail S. Baldridge, DrPH
Andrei Churyla, MD
Duc Thinh Pham, MD
Christopher K. Mehta, MD
Douglas R. Johnston, MD
Patrick M. McCarthy, MD
S. Christopher Malaisrie, MD
author_sort Andre Y. Son, MD, MS
collection DOAJ
description Background: Aortic root enlargement (ARE) during aortic valve replacement (AVR) mitigates prosthesis-patient mismatch, but its use has been low. Transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve (VIV) as a treatment for failing bioprosthetic valves is limited by small surgical valves, renewing interest in ARE during the index AVR. This study demonstrates trends and outcomes of ARE after commercial approval of VIV in 2015. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 2182 patients undergoing nonemergent AVR between August 2007 and December 2022. Endocarditis, aortic dissection, and concomitant root replacement or ventricular assist device placement were excluded. Trends in ARE use, valve size, and types were compared. Outcome measures included 30-day mortality and gradients and were compared between patients with and without ARE. Results: Overall, 74 patients (3.4%) underwent ARE, 14 (1.0%) before 2015 and 60 (7.6%, P < .0001) after 2015. Use of smaller valves (19-21 mm) decreased from 372 (26.8%) before 2015 to 85 (10.7%, P < .0001) after 2015. ARE group was younger than the AVR-alone group (64 vs 68 years, P = .001) but had similar predicted risk of mortality (median, 1.7%). Both groups had comparable postoperative mean gradients (ARE: 11 vs AVR-alone: 10 mm Hg, P = .42). ARE had higher 30-day mortality (5 [7%] vs 48 [2%], P = .014); however, no difference was found in elective patients (2 of 65 [3%] vs 39 of 1898 [2%], P = .57). Conclusions: ARE use has increased since commercial approval of VIV. The addition of ARE to AVR did not affect early safety in elective cases, and postoperative gradients were similar to those in patients not requiring ARE. Further studies are required to determine long-term outcomes after ARE, including VIV candidacy.
format Article
id doaj-art-16a968c89e1f44dcbf2f1f0eae9d7bbc
institution OA Journals
issn 2772-9931
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Annals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports
spelling doaj-art-16a968c89e1f44dcbf2f1f0eae9d7bbc2025-08-20T01:47:28ZengElsevierAnnals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports2772-99312025-03-01311510.1016/j.atssr.2024.09.007Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve ReplacementAndre Y. Son, MD, MS0Abigail S. Baldridge, DrPH1Andrei Churyla, MD2Duc Thinh Pham, MD3Christopher K. Mehta, MD4Douglas R. Johnston, MD5Patrick M. McCarthy, MD6S. Christopher Malaisrie, MD7Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IllinoisDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Address correspondence to Dr Malaisrie, Northwestern Medicine, 676 N St. Clair St, Arkes 730, Chicago, IL 60611.Background: Aortic root enlargement (ARE) during aortic valve replacement (AVR) mitigates prosthesis-patient mismatch, but its use has been low. Transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve (VIV) as a treatment for failing bioprosthetic valves is limited by small surgical valves, renewing interest in ARE during the index AVR. This study demonstrates trends and outcomes of ARE after commercial approval of VIV in 2015. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 2182 patients undergoing nonemergent AVR between August 2007 and December 2022. Endocarditis, aortic dissection, and concomitant root replacement or ventricular assist device placement were excluded. Trends in ARE use, valve size, and types were compared. Outcome measures included 30-day mortality and gradients and were compared between patients with and without ARE. Results: Overall, 74 patients (3.4%) underwent ARE, 14 (1.0%) before 2015 and 60 (7.6%, P < .0001) after 2015. Use of smaller valves (19-21 mm) decreased from 372 (26.8%) before 2015 to 85 (10.7%, P < .0001) after 2015. ARE group was younger than the AVR-alone group (64 vs 68 years, P = .001) but had similar predicted risk of mortality (median, 1.7%). Both groups had comparable postoperative mean gradients (ARE: 11 vs AVR-alone: 10 mm Hg, P = .42). ARE had higher 30-day mortality (5 [7%] vs 48 [2%], P = .014); however, no difference was found in elective patients (2 of 65 [3%] vs 39 of 1898 [2%], P = .57). Conclusions: ARE use has increased since commercial approval of VIV. The addition of ARE to AVR did not affect early safety in elective cases, and postoperative gradients were similar to those in patients not requiring ARE. Further studies are required to determine long-term outcomes after ARE, including VIV candidacy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772993124003681
spellingShingle Andre Y. Son, MD, MS
Abigail S. Baldridge, DrPH
Andrei Churyla, MD
Duc Thinh Pham, MD
Christopher K. Mehta, MD
Douglas R. Johnston, MD
Patrick M. McCarthy, MD
S. Christopher Malaisrie, MD
Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
Annals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports
title Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
title_full Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
title_fullStr Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
title_full_unstemmed Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
title_short Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Root Enlargement During Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
title_sort trends and outcomes of aortic root enlargement during bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772993124003681
work_keys_str_mv AT andreysonmdms trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT abigailsbaldridgedrph trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT andreichurylamd trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT ducthinhphammd trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT christopherkmehtamd trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT douglasrjohnstonmd trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT patrickmmccarthymd trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement
AT schristophermalaisriemd trendsandoutcomesofaorticrootenlargementduringbioprostheticaorticvalvereplacement