An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere
Abstract The scientific society is progressively aware of the adverse health effects caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated PAHs (nitro-PAHs) from stationary sources, especially waste incinerators. They are mutagenic, persistent in the environment, and cause diseases and mort...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220164 |
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| author | Yen-Yi Lee Yen-Kung Hsieh Bo-Wun Huang Justus Kavita Mutuku Guo-Ping Chang-Chien Shiwei Huang |
| author_facet | Yen-Yi Lee Yen-Kung Hsieh Bo-Wun Huang Justus Kavita Mutuku Guo-Ping Chang-Chien Shiwei Huang |
| author_sort | Yen-Yi Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The scientific society is progressively aware of the adverse health effects caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated PAHs (nitro-PAHs) from stationary sources, especially waste incinerators. They are mutagenic, persistent in the environment, and cause diseases and mortality worldwide. Nitro-PAHs have a higher carcinogenic potential than their parent PAHs; however, the scientific community’s understanding of their properties and quantities in different matrices is still rudimentary. This is due to their infinitesimally lower concentrations in the ambient air and other environments compared to their parent PAHs. Herein, the limitations of most pretreatment and detection methods to quantify them are highlighted. The evolution of the state-of-the-art pretreatment and quantification techniques applied to evaluate PAHs and nitro-PAH concentrations accurately are discussed. This review highlights typical concentrations of PAH and nitro-PAH emitted from stationary sources especially waste incinerators. Formation processes, gas-particle partitioning, and indicative congeners are mentioned. The role of APCDS in controlling PAHs and nitro-PAHs and their fate in the environment are highlighted. Finally, challenges and an outlook on the research field are provided. The improved knowledge developed herein helps to understand the potential mutagenicity threat posed by PAHs and nitro-PAHs in the ambient air and other environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-167b649624464c8fb6ddd2e62bee2b05 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-167b649624464c8fb6ddd2e62bee2b052025-02-09T12:17:34ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-06-0122712010.4209/aaqr.220164An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the AtmosphereYen-Yi Lee0Yen-Kung Hsieh1Bo-Wun Huang2Justus Kavita Mutuku3Guo-Ping Chang-Chien4Shiwei Huang5Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu UniversityDepartment of Environmental Science and Occupational Safety and Hygiene Graduate School of Environmental Management, Tajen UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Cheng Shiu UniversityInstitute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu UniversityInstitute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu UniversityInstitute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu UniversityAbstract The scientific society is progressively aware of the adverse health effects caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated PAHs (nitro-PAHs) from stationary sources, especially waste incinerators. They are mutagenic, persistent in the environment, and cause diseases and mortality worldwide. Nitro-PAHs have a higher carcinogenic potential than their parent PAHs; however, the scientific community’s understanding of their properties and quantities in different matrices is still rudimentary. This is due to their infinitesimally lower concentrations in the ambient air and other environments compared to their parent PAHs. Herein, the limitations of most pretreatment and detection methods to quantify them are highlighted. The evolution of the state-of-the-art pretreatment and quantification techniques applied to evaluate PAHs and nitro-PAH concentrations accurately are discussed. This review highlights typical concentrations of PAH and nitro-PAH emitted from stationary sources especially waste incinerators. Formation processes, gas-particle partitioning, and indicative congeners are mentioned. The role of APCDS in controlling PAHs and nitro-PAHs and their fate in the environment are highlighted. Finally, challenges and an outlook on the research field are provided. The improved knowledge developed herein helps to understand the potential mutagenicity threat posed by PAHs and nitro-PAHs in the ambient air and other environments.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220164PAHsNitro-PAHsStationary sourcesFlue gas treatment residuesAtmospheric transformationsPretreatments |
| spellingShingle | Yen-Yi Lee Yen-Kung Hsieh Bo-Wun Huang Justus Kavita Mutuku Guo-Ping Chang-Chien Shiwei Huang An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere Aerosol and Air Quality Research PAHs Nitro-PAHs Stationary sources Flue gas treatment residues Atmospheric transformations Pretreatments |
| title | An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere |
| title_full | An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere |
| title_fullStr | An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere |
| title_short | An Overview: PAH and Nitro-PAH Emission from the Stationary Sources and their Transformations in the Atmosphere |
| title_sort | overview pah and nitro pah emission from the stationary sources and their transformations in the atmosphere |
| topic | PAHs Nitro-PAHs Stationary sources Flue gas treatment residues Atmospheric transformations Pretreatments |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220164 |
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