Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes

Introduction: Evidence of the waning immunity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primary vaccination, and immune evasion by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has led to the rollout of booster vaccination in many countries. Assessing the effectiveness of b...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Masliyana Husin, Peter Seah Keng Tok, Jing Lian Suah, Boon Hwa Tng, Thevesh Thevananthan, Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy, Sheamini Sivasampu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Subjects:
Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18946
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850148002215231488
author Masliyana Husin
Peter Seah Keng Tok
Jing Lian Suah
Boon Hwa Tng
Thevesh Thevananthan
Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy
Sheamini Sivasampu
author_facet Masliyana Husin
Peter Seah Keng Tok
Jing Lian Suah
Boon Hwa Tng
Thevesh Thevananthan
Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy
Sheamini Sivasampu
author_sort Masliyana Husin
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Evidence of the waning immunity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primary vaccination, and immune evasion by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has led to the rollout of booster vaccination in many countries. Assessing the effectiveness of booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes is crucial during the transition to endemicity. Methodology: We conducted a population-based, matched case-control study in Malaysia to estimate the marginal vaccine effectiveness (mVE) of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against COVID-19 related intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death in Delta-predominant and Omicron-predominant periods. Results: Receipt of a booster vaccination – either homologous or heterologous for CoronaVac, and homologous for BNT162b2 – demonstrated mVE estimates of at least 70% against ICU admission and at least 80% against death, compared to BNT162b2 primary vaccination, in both periods. Overall, the mVE estimates were 10–20 percentage points lower in the Omicron-predominant period than in the Delta-predominant period. Conclusions: Our study reaffirms that the administration of booster vaccination increases protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes for BNT162b2 and CoronaVac primary vaccination recipients.
format Article
id doaj-art-167aeb09eab74d628cec59a8dfe27c22
institution OA Journals
issn 1972-2680
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
record_format Article
series Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
spelling doaj-art-167aeb09eab74d628cec59a8dfe27c222025-08-20T02:27:22ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802025-01-01190110.3855/jidc.18946Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomesMasliyana Husin0Peter Seah Keng Tok1Jing Lian Suah2Boon Hwa Tng3Thevesh Thevananthan4Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy5Sheamini Sivasampu6Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, MalaysiaInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, MalaysiaInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, MalaysiaInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, MalaysiaDisease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, MalaysiaInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, MalaysiaInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia Introduction: Evidence of the waning immunity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primary vaccination, and immune evasion by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has led to the rollout of booster vaccination in many countries. Assessing the effectiveness of booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes is crucial during the transition to endemicity. Methodology: We conducted a population-based, matched case-control study in Malaysia to estimate the marginal vaccine effectiveness (mVE) of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against COVID-19 related intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death in Delta-predominant and Omicron-predominant periods. Results: Receipt of a booster vaccination – either homologous or heterologous for CoronaVac, and homologous for BNT162b2 – demonstrated mVE estimates of at least 70% against ICU admission and at least 80% against death, compared to BNT162b2 primary vaccination, in both periods. Overall, the mVE estimates were 10–20 percentage points lower in the Omicron-predominant period than in the Delta-predominant period. Conclusions: Our study reaffirms that the administration of booster vaccination increases protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes for BNT162b2 and CoronaVac primary vaccination recipients. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18946SARS-CoV-2COVID-19vaccinesBNT162b2CoronaVacbooster
spellingShingle Masliyana Husin
Peter Seah Keng Tok
Jing Lian Suah
Boon Hwa Tng
Thevesh Thevananthan
Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy
Sheamini Sivasampu
Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
vaccines
BNT162b2
CoronaVac
booster
title Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes
title_full Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes
title_fullStr Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes
title_short Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 and CoronaVac booster vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes
title_sort effectiveness of homologous and heterologous bnt162b2 and coronavac booster vaccination against severe covid 19 outcomes
topic SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
vaccines
BNT162b2
CoronaVac
booster
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18946
work_keys_str_mv AT masliyanahusin effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes
AT peterseahkengtok effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes
AT jingliansuah effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes
AT boonhwatng effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes
AT theveshthevananthan effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes
AT kalaiarasumpeariasamy effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes
AT sheaminisivasampu effectivenessofhomologousandheterologousbnt162b2andcoronavacboostervaccinationagainstseverecovid19outcomes